Intracranial artery dissections (IAD) are uncommon entities associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Certain ethnic groups and patients with underlying connective tissue disorders may be at a higher risk of developing IAD, but these relationships are unclear due to the condition's rarity. Patients often present with a prodromal headache followed by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or ischemic stroke. Imaging findings are critical to establishing the diagnosis, as the lesions have a myriad of presentations based on the severity, location, and timing of the dissection. Lesions that present with ischemia are at high risk for future ischemia but low risk of future hemorrhage, whereas lesions, which present with hemorrhage have a high rate of re-bleeding if left untreated. There are no evidence-based guidelines for medical or surgical management. Several endovascular and surgical techniques have been used to prevent or treat hemorrhage by ligating the parent artery or reconstructing the vessel wall. Outcomes are generally poorer in patients with IAD than cervical artery dissection, particularly in those who suffer SAH.

颅内动脉夹层 (IAD) 是与高发病率和死亡率相关的罕见疾病。某些种族群体和患有潜在结缔组织疾病的患者可能患 IAD 的风险更高，但由于这种情况的罕见性，这些关系尚不清楚。患者通常表现为前驱性头痛，然后是蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH) 或缺血性中风。影像学发现对于确定诊断至关重要，因为根据解剖的严重程度、位置和时间，病变具有多种表现。出现缺血的病变未来缺血的风险高，但未来出血的风险低，而出现出血的病变如果不及时治疗，再出血的几率很高。没有关于内科或外科管理的循证指南。几种血管内和外科技术已用于通过结扎载瘤动脉或重建血管壁来预防或治疗出血。IAD 患者的预后通常比颈动脉夹层更差，尤其是那些患有 SAH 的患者。