In October 2017, an extreme wildfire outbreak in the NW of the Iberian Peninsula burned thousands of hectares, resulting in human deaths and important economic damage. This paper provides a first comprehensive assessment of the exposure of the local communities in the Spanish region of Galicia, where forestlands routinely experience fire outbreaks, as the one that occurred in 14th, 15th and 16th October with more than two hundred fire incidents. We delimitate the wildfire perimeters, characterize the area burned in regards to vegetation characteristics, evaluate the affected wildland-urban interface (WUI), and quantify the population and buildings exposed to wildfires. The burned area was found to be unevenly distributed, concentrated in the south of the region, and in municipalities with nearly half of their lands under WUI. This resulted in a high level of exposure in the affected lands. We estimated that 51 communities were inside fire perimeters. Moreover, 873 communities with more than 87,000 people residing on them, were at a close distance of less than 1 km away. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding extreme wildfire events and their potential impacts which can guide how best communities can respond to them. The high number of population exposed to the studied event shows the necessity of integrating land-use planning with wildfire risk prevention and preparedness.

2017年10月，伊比利亚半岛西北部发生的一次极端野火爆发烧毁了数千公顷土地，造成人员伤亡和重大经济损失。本文提供了对西班牙加利西亚地区当地社区暴露的首次综合评估，该地区林地例行爆发火灾，10月14日，15日和16日发生了200起火灾。我们划定野火的范围，根据植被特征描述燃烧面积，评估受影响的野地-城市界面（WUI），并量化暴露于野火的人口和建筑物。发现烧伤的地区分布不均，集中在该地区的南部，以及在WUI下将近一半土地的城市。这导致受影响土地的高暴露水平。我们估计有51个社区位于火灾外围。此外，873个社区中居住着超过87,000人，相距不超过1公里。这项研究表明了了解极端野火事件及其潜在影响的重要性，这些事件可以指导最佳社区如何应对。受研究事件影响的大量人口表明，有必要将土地利用规划与野火风险的预防和防范相结合。这项研究证明了了解极端野火事件及其潜在影响的重要性，这些事件可以指导最佳社区如何应对。受研究事件影响的大量人口表明，有必要将土地利用规划与野火风险的预防和防范相结合。这项研究表明了了解极端野火事件及其潜在影响的重要性，这些事件可以指导最佳社区如何应对。受研究事件影响的大量人口表明，有必要将土地利用规划与野火风险的预防和防范相结合。