Mitochondria are considered one of the most important subcellular organelles for targeting and delivering drugs because mitochondria are the main location for various cellular functions and energy (i.e., ATP) production, and mitochondrial dysfunctions and malfunctions cause diverse diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disorders, metabolic disorders, and cancers. In particular, unique mitochondrial characteristics (e.g., negatively polarized membrane potential, alkaline pH, high reactive oxygen species level, high glutathione level, high temperature, and paradoxical mitochondrial dynamics) in pathological cancers have been used as targets, signals, triggers, or driving forces for specific sensing/diagnosing/imaging of characteristic changes in mitochondria, targeted drug delivery on mitochondria, targeted drug delivery/accumulation into mitochondria, or stimuli-triggered drug release in mitochondria. In this review, we describe the distinctive structures, functions, and physiological properties of cancer mitochondria and discuss recent technologies of mitochondria-specific "key characteristic" sensing systems, mitochondria-targeted "drug delivery" systems, and mitochondrial stimuli-specific "drug release" systems as well as their strengths and weaknesses.

中文翻译：

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线粒体靶向药物在癌症中的传递。

线粒体被认为是靶向和传递药物的最重要的亚细胞器之一，因为线粒体是各种细胞功能和能量（即ATP）产生的主要场所，线粒体功能障碍和功能障碍会导致多种疾病，例如神经退行性疾病，心血管疾病，代谢紊乱和癌症。特别是，病理癌症中独特的线粒体特征（例如，负极化膜电位，碱性pH，高活性氧水平，高谷胱甘肽水平，高温和自相矛盾的线粒体动力学）已被用作目标，信号，触发或驱动用于线粒体特征变化的特定感测/诊断/成像的力，针对线粒体的靶向药物递送，有针对性的药物递送/积累到线粒体中，或通过刺激触发的线粒体释放药物。在这篇综述中，我们描述了癌症线粒体的独特结构，功能和生理特性，并讨论了线粒体特异性“关键特征”传感系统，针对线粒体的“药物递送”系统以及线粒体刺激特异性“药物释放”的最新技术。系统及其优势和劣势。