OBJECTIVE Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS) are among the main causes of nosocomial infections, which have caused major problems in recent years due to continuously increasing spread of various antibiotic resistance features. Apparently, vancomycin is still an effective antibiotic for treatment of infections caused by these bacteria but in recent years, additional resistance phenotypes have led to the accelerated introduction of newer agents such as linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D). Due to limited data availability on the global rate of resistance to these antibiotics, in the present study, the resistance rates of S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and CoNS to these antibiotics were collected. METHOD Several databases including web of science, EMBASE, and Medline (via PubMed), were searched (September 2018) to identify those studies that address MRSA, and CONS resistance to linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and Q/D around the world. RESULT Most studies that reported resistant staphylococci were from the United States, Canada, and the European continent, while African and Asian countries reported the least resistance to these antibiotics. Our results showed that linezolid had the best inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Although resistances to this antibiotic have been reported from different countries, however, due to the high volume of the samples and the low number of resistance, in terms of statistical analyzes, the resistance to this antibiotic is zero. Moreover, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline effectively (99.9%) inhibit MRSA. Studies have shown that CoNS with 0.3% show the lowest resistance to linezolid and daptomycin, while analyzes introduced tigecycline with 1.6% resistance as the least effective antibiotic for these bacteria. Finally, MRSA and CoNS had a greater resistance to Q/D with 0.7 and 0.6%, respectively and due to its significant side effects and drug-drug interactions; it appears that its use is subject to limitations. CONCLUSION The present study shows that resistance to new agents is low in staphylococci and these antibiotics can still be used for treatment of staphylococcal infections in the world.

中文翻译：

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Daptomycin，Tigecycline，Quinupristin / Dalfopristin和耐Linezolid的金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌株的全球患病率：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐甲氧西林的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCoNS）是医院感染的主要原因，近年来，由于各种抗生素耐药性特征的持续传播，造成了重大问题。显然，万古霉素仍然是治疗由这些细菌引起的感染的有效抗生素，但是近年来，其他耐药性表型导致诸如利奈唑胺，替加环素，达托霉素和奎奴普丁/达福普汀（Q / D）等新药的加速引入。 。由于关于这些抗生素的全球耐药率的数据可用性有限，因此在本研究中，收集了金黄色葡萄球菌，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和CoNS对这些抗生素的耐药率。方法（2018年9月）检索了多个数据库，包括web of science，EMBASE和Medline（通过PubMed），以确定那些针对MRSA以及CONS对利奈唑胺，替加环素，达托霉素和Q / D耐药的研究。结果大多数报告耐药葡萄球菌的研究来自美国，加拿大和欧洲大陆，而非洲和亚洲国家报告对这些抗生素的耐药性最低。我们的结果表明，利奈唑胺对金黄色葡萄球菌具有最佳的抑制作用。尽管已从不同国家报告了对该抗生素的抗药性，但是由于样品量大且抗药性低，从统计分析的角度来看，对该抗生素的抗药性为零。而且，利奈唑胺，达托霉素和替加环素有效（99。9％）抑制MRSA。研究表明，含量为0.3％的CoNS对利奈唑胺和达托霉素的耐药性最低，而分析则将耐药性为1.6％的替加环素作为对这些细菌最无效的抗生素。最后，由于其明显的副作用和药物相互作用，MRSA和CoNS对Q / D的耐药性分别为0.7％和0.6％。似乎其使用受到限制。结论本研究表明葡萄球菌对新药的耐药性较低，这些抗生素在世界范围内仍可用于治疗葡萄球菌感染。MRSA和CoNS对Q / D的抵抗力较高，分别为0.7％和0.6％，这是由于其明显的副作用和药物相互作用。似乎其使用受到限制。结论本研究表明葡萄球菌对新药的耐药性较低，这些抗生素在世界范围内仍可用于治疗葡萄球菌感染。MRSA和CoNS对Q / D的抵抗力较高，分别为0.7％和0.6％，这是由于其明显的副作用和药物相互作用。似乎其使用受到限制。结论本研究表明葡萄球菌对新药的耐药性较低，这些抗生素在世界范围内仍可用于治疗葡萄球菌感染。