The sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) have been shown to play critical roles in the response to environmental stresses in higher plants. Although the SnRK2 genes family has been identified in various plants, little is reported regarding SnRK2s in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), which is one of the most important crops for both food and sugar production. In the current study, the SnRK2s genes are identified in the sugar beet genome by bioinformatics, and their expression patterns under salinity conditions are tested by the qRT-PCR method. Results showed that a total of six BvSnRK2 genes are identified and characterized from the genome of sugar beet and are further classified into three distinct groups (Group 1, 2, and 3). All BvSnRK2s contained a highly conserved N-terminal kinase region and a greatly divergent C-terminal region. Except for BvSnRK2.4, most of the BvSnRK2 genes were disrupted by eight introns with size ranging from 82 to 2164 bp. Moreover, the expression levels of the BvSnRK2s genes were strongly enhanced by salt treatments, which may be an indicator of potential roles in the response to salinity. The present work is the first systematic analysis of the SnRK2 family genes in sugar beet. The results from this study provide a novel insight for the functional exploration and application of the SnRK2s genes for crop improvement, especially in sugar crops.

中文翻译：

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盐条件下甜菜 (Beta vulgaris L.) 中 BvSnRK2 基因家族的全基因组鉴定和表达分析

蔗糖非发酵 1 相关蛋白激酶 2s (SnRK2s) 已被证明在高等植物对环境胁迫的响应中起关键作用。尽管 SnRK2 基因家族已在各种植物中得到鉴定，但关于甜菜 (Beta vulgaris L.) 中 SnRK2 的报道很少，甜菜是最重要的粮食和糖生产作物之一。在目前的研究中，通过生物信息学在甜菜基因组中鉴定了 SnRK2s 基因，并通过 qRT-PCR 方法测试了它们在盐度条件下的表达模式。结果表明，总共从甜菜基因组中鉴定和表征了六个 BvSnRK2 基因，并进一步分为三个不同的组（组 1、2 和 3）。所有 BvSnRK2s 都包含一个高度保守的 N 端激酶区域和一个非常不同的 C 端区域。除 BvSnRK2.4 外，大多数 BvSnRK2 基因被 8 个大小从 82 到 2164 bp 的内含子破坏。此外，盐处理显着增强了 BvSnRK2s 基因的表达水平，这可能是盐度响应中潜在作用的指标。目前的工作是对甜菜中 SnRK2 家族基因的首次系统分析。这项研究的结果为 SnRK2s 基因在作物改良中的功能探索和应用提供了新的见解，尤其是在糖料作物中。BvSnRK2s 基因的表达水平通过盐处理强烈增强，这可能是盐度响应中潜在作用的指标。目前的工作是对甜菜中 SnRK2 家族基因的首次系统分析。这项研究的结果为 SnRK2s 基因在作物改良中的功能探索和应用提供了新的见解，尤其是在糖料作物中。BvSnRK2s 基因的表达水平通过盐处理强烈增强，这可能是盐度响应中潜在作用的指标。目前的工作是对甜菜中 SnRK2 家族基因的首次系统分析。这项研究的结果为 SnRK2s 基因在作物改良中的功能探索和应用提供了新的见解，尤其是在糖料作物中。