Accurately determining the delivered dose is critical to understanding biological response due to cell exposure to chemical constituents in aerosols. Deposition efficiency and uniformity of deposition was measured experimentally using monodisperse solid fluorescent particles with mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) of 0.51, 1.1, 2.2 and 3.3 μm in the Vitrocell® AMES 48 air-liquid-interface (ALI) in vitro exposure system. Experimental results were compared with computational fluid dynamic, (CFD; using both Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches) predicted deposition efficiency and uniformity for a single row (N = 6) of petri dishes in the Vitrocell® AMES 48 system. The average experimentally measured deposition efficiency ranged from 0.007% to 0.43% for 0.51-3.3 μm MMAD particles, respectively. There was good agreement between average experimentally measured and the CFD predicted particle deposition efficiency, regardless of approach. Experimentally measured and CFD predicted average uniformity of deposition was greater than 45% of the mean for all particle diameters. During this work a new design was introduced by the manufacturer and evaluated using Lagragian CFD. Lagragian CFD predictions showed better uniformity of deposition, but reduced deposition efficiency with the new design. Deposition efficiency and variability in particle deposition across petri dishes for solid particles should be considered when designing exposure regimens using the Vitrocell® AMES 48 ALI in vitro exposure system.

中文翻译：

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在Vitrocell®AMES 48气液界面体外暴露系统中，通过实验测量和计算的流体动力学预测的沉积和单分散固体颗粒沉积均匀性的比较。

准确确定递送剂量对于了解由于细胞暴露于气溶胶​​中化学成分而引起的生物学反应至关重要。在Vitrocell®AMES 48气液界面（ALI）体外暴露系统中，使用质量平均空气动力学直径（MMAD）为0.51、1.1、2.2和3.3μm的单分散固体荧光颗粒，通过实验测量了沉积效率和沉积均匀性。将实验结果与计算流体动力学（CFD；使用拉格朗日方法和欧拉方法）进行了比较，预测了Vitrocell®AMES 48系统中单行（N = 6）培养皿的沉积效率和均匀性。对于0.51-3.3μmMMAD颗粒，实验测量的平均沉积效率分别为0.007％至0.43％。无论采用哪种方法，平均实验测量值和CFD预测的颗粒沉积效率之间都存在良好的一致性。通过实验测量和CFD预测，所有粒径的平均沉积均匀度均大于平均值的45％。在这项工作期间，制造商介绍了一种新设计，并使用Lagragian CFD进行了评估。Lagragian CFD预测显示出更好的沉积均匀性，但新设计降低了沉积效率。当使用Vitrocell®AMES 48 ALI体外暴露系统设计暴露方案时，应考虑整个培养皿中固体颗粒在整个颗粒培养皿中的沉积效率和变异性。通过实验测量和CFD预测，所有粒径的平均沉积均匀度均大于平均值的45％。在这项工作期间，制造商介绍了一种新设计，并使用Lagragian CFD进行了评估。Lagragian CFD预测显示出更好的沉积均匀性，但新设计降低了沉积效率。当使用Vitrocell®AMES 48 ALI体外暴露系统设计暴露方案时，应考虑整个培养皿中固体颗粒在整个颗粒培养皿中的沉积效率和变异性。通过实验测量和CFD预测，所有粒径的平均沉积均匀度均大于平均值的45％。在这项工作期间，制造商介绍了一种新设计，并使用Lagragian CFD进行了评估。Lagragian CFD预测显示出更好的沉积均匀性，但新设计降低了沉积效率。当使用Vitrocell®AMES 48 ALI体外暴露系统设计暴露方案时，应考虑整个培养皿中固体颗粒在整个颗粒培养皿中的沉积效率和变异性。但是新设计降低了沉积效率。当使用Vitrocell®AMES 48 ALI体外暴露系统设计暴露方案时，应考虑整个培养皿中固体颗粒在整个颗粒培养皿中的沉积效率和变异性。但是新设计降低了沉积效率。当使用Vitrocell®AMES 48 ALI体外暴露系统设计暴露方案时，应考虑整个培养皿中固体颗粒在整个颗粒培养皿中的沉积效率和变异性。