A 2 × 2 integrated antenna array operating at 28 GHz with 4 GHz bandwidth is presented. A conventional printed circuit board (PCB) technology is used to realize the antenna board with low fabrication cost by minimizing the number of layers and vias. To overcome limited bandwidth and high mutual coupling, several techniques are used: proximity-coupled feedings, slotted patches, and defected ground. The S-matrix and the radiation patterns of the standalone antenna prototype are measured before being attached to the IC. The performed S-matrix measurement is a very first of a kind among so far reported integrated arrays at 28 GHz. The measurements confirm a mutual coupling level less than -12 dB. This characterization is used to estimate the performance of the driving power amplifiers. The analysis confirms that the antenna array is well matched with the IC output, and as a result, the performance of the array does not degrade under beam scanning. The integrated antenna can be used as a tile module to construct larger arrays in arbitrary configurations.

中文翻译：

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具有成本效益的 28 GHz 集成天线阵列，具有适用于 5G NR 的全阻抗矩阵表征


提出了一种工作频率为 28 GHz、带宽为 4 GHz 的 2 × 2 集成天线阵列。传统的印刷电路板(PCB)技术用于通过最小化层和通孔的数量来实现低制造成本的天线板。为了克服有限的带宽和高互耦的问题，使用了多种技术：邻近耦合馈电、开槽贴片和缺陷接地。独立天线原型的 S 矩阵和辐射方向图在连接到 IC 之前进行测量。在迄今为止报道的 28 GHz 集成阵列中，所执行的 S 矩阵测量尚属首次。测量结果证实互耦水平低于 -12 dB。该特性用于估计驱动功率放大器的性能。分析证实天线阵列与IC输出匹配良好，因此在波束扫描下阵列的性能不会下降。集成天线可用作瓦片模块，以任意配置构建更大的阵列。