Abstract Global efforts for engineering desired materials which are able to treat the water sources still are ongoing in the bench level methods. Considering adsorbent and photocatalytic materials as the main reliable candidates still are encountering with struggles because of many challenges that restrict their large-scale application. This review comprehensively considered the recent advanced materials water treatment methods which involve to magnetic, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), (Graphene) quantum dots, carbon nanorods, carbon nano-onions, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), zeolite, silica and clay-based nanomaterials. The adsorption and photocatalytic properties of these nanomaterials introduced them as highly potent option for heavy metal ions and organic dyes removal and photocatalytic degradation. High specific surface area in conjugation with presenting higher kinetics of adsorption and decomposition are the main characteristics of these materials which make them appropriate to treat wastewater even in ultralow concentration of the pollutants. Considering the mechanistic aspects of the adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition process, challenges and opportunities were other subjects that have been highlighted for the discussed nanomaterials. In term of the adsorption approaches, the mechanism of adsorptions and their influence on the maximum adsorption capacity were discussed and also for photocatalyst approach the radical active spices and their role in kinetic and efficiency of the organic pollutant decomposition were provided a deep discussion.

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水处理：功能纳米材料及其从吸附到光降解的应用

摘要 全球对能够处理水源的所需材料的工程设计仍在实验室级方法中进行。由于许多限制其大规模应用的挑战，将吸附剂和光催化材料视为主要可靠的候选材料仍然遇到困难。本综述综合考虑了最近的先进材料水处理方法，涉及磁性、活性炭、碳纳米管（CNTs）、石墨烯（G）、氧化石墨烯（GO）、（石墨烯）量子点、碳纳米棒、碳纳米洋葱、和还原氧化石墨烯 (RGO)、沸石、二氧化硅和粘土基纳米材料。这些纳米材料的吸附和光催化特性使其成为去除重金属离子和有机染料以及光催化降解的高效选择。这些材料的主要特征是高比表面积结合呈现出更高的吸附和分解动力学，这使得它们即使在污染物浓度超低的情况下也适用于处理废水。考虑到吸附和光催化分解过程的机械方面，挑战和机遇是所讨论的纳米材料所强调的其他主题。在吸附方法方面，