Large magnitude earthquakes have historically caused devastating damage to engineered structures as a result of permanent ground deformations induced by soil liquefaction (e.g. 1964 Niigata earthquake, 1995 Kobe earthquake, 2010–2011 Christchurch earthquakes). A relevant amount of such damages is directly connected to liquefaction induced lateral spreading. This paper deals with the capacity of concrete framed structures with shallow foundations to handle lateral spreading demands. A simplified force–displacement compatible model was developed to capture the loads on the shallow foundations and estimate the performance of the building. The key parameters of foundation embedment, foundation width and shear length of the pillar, as well as soil friction angle were identified as having a strong influence on the expected performance. The developed model was used to develop probabilistic fragility curves for a class of buildings representing two to five storeys reinforced concrete buildings. Field measurements from existing literature of the liquefaction induced lateral displacement demand from the the September 4, 2010 (Mw 7.1) and the February 22, 2011 (Mw 6.2) Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquakes along the Avon River were probabilistically quantified in relation to the distance from the river. Finally, the displacement demand and fragility curves were used to estimate the probability of exceeding the considered limit states as a function of the distance from the river.

中文翻译：

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RC建筑物横向扩散的脆弱性评估

历史上，由于土壤液化引起的永久性地面变形（例如1964年新泻地震，1995年神户地震，2010-2011年克赖斯特彻奇地震），大地震对工程结构造成了毁灭性破坏。相当数量的这种破坏直接与液化引起的横向扩展有关。本文探讨具有浅基础的混凝土框架结构应对横向扩展需求的能力。开发了一个简化的力-位移兼容模型来捕获浅层基础上的载荷并评估建筑物的性能。地基埋入的关键参数，地基宽度和立柱的剪切长度以及土壤摩擦角被确定为对预期性能有很大影响。所开发的模型用于为代表两到五层钢筋混凝土建筑物的一类建筑物建立概率脆性曲线。现有文献对2010年9月4日（Mw 7.1）和2011年2月22日（Mw 6.2）Avon河沿岸坎特伯雷（新西兰）地震引起的液化引起的侧向位移的需求进行了现场量化，其概率与距离河。最后，位移需求和脆弱性曲线被用来估计超过考虑的极限状态的概率，该概率是距河流的距离的函数。现有文献对2010年9月4日（Mw 7.1）和2011年2月22日（Mw 6.2）Avon河沿岸坎特伯雷（新西兰）地震引起的液化引起的侧向位移的需求进行了现场量化，其概率与距离河。最后，位移需求和脆弱性曲线被用来估计超过考虑的极限状态的概率，该概率是距河流的距离的函数。现有文献对雅芳河沿2010年9月4日（Mw 7.1）和2011年2月22日（Mw 6.2）坎特伯雷（新西兰）地震引起的液化引起的侧向位移的需求进行了现场量化，相对于距离河。最后，位移需求和脆弱性曲线被用来估计超过考虑的极限状态的概率，该概率是距河流的距离的函数。