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Rainbow trout mount a robust specific immune response upon anal administration of thymus-independent antigens.
Developmental & Comparative Immunology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103715
Alba Martín-Martín 1 , Rocío Simón 1 , Beatriz Abós 1 , Patricia Díaz-Rosales 1 , Carolina Tafalla 1
Affiliation  

Despite the strong demand for orally-delivered fish vaccines and the deficient response of those currently available in the market, little is known about how teleost B cells differentiate to antibody secreting cells (ASCs) in response to antigens delivered to the intestinal mucosa. To fill this gap, in the current study, we have studied the dynamics of B cell differentiation in spleen and kidney of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) anally immunized with antigens catalogued in mammals as thymus dependent (TD) or thymus-independent (TI). Our results show that, in the absence of additional adjuvants, rainbow trout preferentially responded to a model TI antigen such as TNP-LPS (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl hapten conjugated to lipopolysaccharide). The anal administration of TNP-LPS elicited TNP-specific serum antibodies, and a significant increase in the number of total and TNP-specific ASCs in both spleen and kidney, being the kidney the site where most ASCs are found at later time points. In the spleen, a proliferative response of both IgM+ B and T cells was also clearly visible, while the proliferative response was weaker in the kidney. Finally, TNP-LPS also provoked a transcriptional regulation of some immune genes in the spleen and the intestine, including a decreased transcription of foxp3a and foxp3b in intestine that suggests a breach in tolerogenic responses in response to TI stimulation. These results contribute to a better understanding of how intestinal immunity is regulated in teleost and will aid in the future design of effective oral strategies for aquaculture.

中文翻译:

虹鳟鱼在肛门施用胸腺非依赖性抗原后会产生强大的特异性免疫反应。

尽管对口服鱼疫苗的需求旺盛,而且目前市场上的疫苗反应不足,但硬骨 B 细胞如何分化为抗体分泌细胞 (ASC) 以响应递送至肠粘膜的抗原仍知之甚少。为了填补这一空白,在目前的研究中,我们研究了虹鳟鱼 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 脾脏和肾脏中 B 细胞分化的动力学. 我们的结果表明,在没有额外佐剂的情况下,虹鳟鱼优先响应模型 TI 抗原,如 TNP-LPS(2,4,6-三硝基苯基半抗原与脂多糖缀合)。TNP-LPS 的肛门给药引发了 TNP 特异性血清抗体,脾脏和肾脏中总 ASC 和 TNP 特异性 ASC 的数量显着增加,因为肾脏是后期发现大多数 ASC 的部位。在脾脏中,IgM+ B 和 T 细胞的增殖反应也清晰可见,而肾脏中的增殖反应较弱。最后,TNP-LPS 还引发了脾脏和肠道中一些免疫基因的转录调节,包括肠道中 foxp3a 和 foxp3b 的转录减少,这表明响应 TI 刺激的耐受性反应发生了突破。这些结果有助于更好地了解硬骨鱼中肠道免疫的调节方式,并将有助于未来设计有效的水产养殖口服策略。肾脏是在以后的时间点发现大多数 ASC 的部位。在脾脏中,IgM+ B 和 T 细胞的增殖反应也清晰可见,而肾脏中的增殖反应较弱。最后,TNP-LPS 还引发了脾脏和肠道中一些免疫基因的转录调节,包括肠道中 foxp3a 和 foxp3b 的转录减少,这表明响应 TI 刺激的耐受性反应发生了突破。这些结果有助于更好地了解硬骨鱼中肠道免疫的调节方式,并将有助于未来设计有效的水产养殖口服策略。肾脏是在以后的时间点发现大多数 ASC 的部位。在脾脏中,IgM+ B 和 T 细胞的增殖反应也清晰可见,而肾脏中的增殖反应较弱。最后,TNP-LPS 还引发了脾脏和肠道中一些免疫基因的转录调节,包括肠道中 foxp3a 和 foxp3b 的转录减少,这表明响应 TI 刺激的耐受性反应发生了突破。这些结果有助于更好地了解硬骨鱼中肠道免疫的调节方式,并将有助于未来设计有效的水产养殖口服策略。而肾脏的增殖反应较弱。最后,TNP-LPS 还引发了脾脏和肠道中一些免疫基因的转录调节,包括肠道中 foxp3a 和 foxp3b 的转录减少,这表明响应 TI 刺激的耐受性反应发生了突破。这些结果有助于更好地了解硬骨鱼中肠道免疫的调节方式,并将有助于未来设计有效的水产养殖口服策略。而肾脏的增殖反应较弱。最后,TNP-LPS 还引发了脾脏和肠道中一些免疫基因的转录调节,包括肠道中 foxp3a 和 foxp3b 的转录减少,这表明响应 TI 刺激的耐受性反应发生了突破。这些结果有助于更好地了解硬骨鱼中肠道免疫的调节方式,并将有助于未来设计有效的水产养殖口服策略。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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