To study the influence of fireworks in atmospheric aerosols and their effect on health during the extreme firework days, fireworks tracer metals and carbonaceous species in size-distributed aerosols in the lower troposphere at Raipur in eastern central India were investigated during the 2018 Deepawali festival. Aerosol samples were collected, before Deepawali period (BDP, n = 5), during Deepawali period (DDP, n = 5) and after Deepawali period (ADP, n = 5). Bimodal size-distribution with intense fine mode peak was found for Na during DDP. Bimodal distribution with fine mode intense peak was found for K during DDP. The bimodal size distribution of K was found common for other events because of biomass burning emissions, whereas high intense peak during DDP indicated mixed sources from biomass burning and fireworks. During DDP, K and Ca were well correlated (r² = 0.93) together. Strong metal-metal correlations were found between the following pairs, Zn–Fe, Cu–Fe and Cu–Ca, which indicated the similar firecrackers burning source. The atmospheric aging of aerosols was also found significantly high during fireworks days. Aging of aerosols were higher because of heterogeneous reactions of SO₂ and NO_x on aerosols directly emitted from fireworks. The observed high values of inhalation dose of elemental carbon during DDP period imposed higher risk of respiratory diseases. This study has provided carbonaceous fractions composition data as a tool to detect the aging processes of fireworks in ultra-fine, fine and coarse mode particles during the extreme firework days. Inhalation doses were calculated to establish potential influence on human health.

为了研究烟花对大气气溶胶的影响及其在极端烟花日对健康的影响，我们在 2018 年屠妖节期间对印度中东部赖布尔对流层低层气溶胶中的烟花示踪金属和碳质物质进行了尺寸分布的研究。在屠妖节之前（BDP，n = 5）、屠妖节期间（DDP，n = 5）和屠妖节之后（ADP，n = 5）收集气溶胶样本。在 DDP 过程中发现 Na 呈双峰尺寸分布，具有强烈的精细模式峰。在 DDP 过程中发现 K 呈双峰分布，具有精细模式强峰。由于生物质燃烧排放，K 的双峰尺寸分布在其他事件中很常见，而 DDP 期间的高强度峰值表明生物质燃烧和烟花的混合来源。在 DDP 期间，K 和 Ca 具有良好的相关性 (r ² = 0.93)。在以下对 Zn-Fe、Cu-Fe 和 Cu-Ca 之间发现了很强的金属-金属相关性，这表明相似的鞭炮燃烧源。在烟花爆竹期间，气溶胶的大气老化也明显较高。由于SO ₂和NO _x在烟花直接排放的气溶胶上发生非均相反应，气溶胶的老化程度较高。 DDP期间观察到的元素碳吸入剂量较高，导致呼吸道疾病的风险较高。这项研究提供了碳质部分成分数据，作为检测烟花在极端烟花日期间超细、细和粗模式颗粒的老化过程的工具。计算吸入剂量以确定对人类健康的潜在影响。