Decellularized natural bladder matrices (neobladders) represent an exciting means to regenerate the bladder following bladder cancer-associated cystectomy. In this study, we compare the evolution of decellularized matrices with recellularized matrices by seeding it with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) after implantation following partial cystectomy in rats. We discovered significant anatomical differences since 10 days after neobladder implantation with the ADSC-containing matrices promoting a significant recovery of mature p63- and cytokeratin 7-positive urothelium. We also discovered significantly induced expression of the vimentin mesoderm marker in the submucosal layer in ADSC-seeded matrices. Interestingly, we found a higher expression of smooth muscle actin in transversal and longitudinal smooth muscle layers with ADSC-seeded matrices. Furthermore, ADSC also showed increased vascularization and nerve innervation of the neobladder as determined by the distribution of CD31 and S100β reactivity, respectively. We believe that ADSC and their paracrine-acting pro-regenerative secretome within decellularized matrices represent an efficient bladder substitution strategy; however, we require a fuller understanding of the mechanisms involved before clinical studies can begin.

中文翻译：

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人脂肪来源的间充质干细胞可促进去细胞的新膀胱再生。

脱细胞的天然膀胱基质（膀胱）代表了在膀胱癌相关的膀胱切除术后再生膀胱的令人兴奋的手段。在这项研究中，我们通过在大鼠部分膀胱切除术后植入人脂肪来源的间充质干细胞（ADSC）进行播种，比较了去细胞基质与再细胞基质的进化。自新膀胱植入含ADSC的基质植入后第10天以来，我们发现了明显的解剖学差异，促进了成熟的p63和细胞角蛋白7阳性尿路上皮的显着恢复。我们还发现在ADSC播种的基质中，黏膜下层中的波形蛋白中胚层标记物明显诱导表达。有趣的是 我们发现，在播种有ADSC的基质的横向和纵向平滑肌层中，平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达更高。此外，ADSC还显示出新膀胱的血管形成和神经支配增加，分别由CD31和S100β反应性的分布确定。我们相信，脱细胞基质中的ADSC及其作用于旁分泌的促再生性分泌组代表了一种有效的膀胱替代策略。但是，在临床研究开始之前，我们需要对所涉及的机制有更全面的了解。我们认为，脱细胞基质中的ADSC及其旁分泌作用的促再生性分泌组代表了一种有效的膀胱替代策略。但是，在临床研究开始之前，我们需要对所涉及的机制有更全面的了解。我们认为，脱细胞基质中的ADSC及其旁分泌作用的促再生性分泌组代表了一种有效的膀胱替代策略。但是，在临床研究开始之前，我们需要对所涉及的机制有更全面的了解。