Cohesin is a complex conserved in evolution that entraps DNA. Originally identified for its role in sister chromatid cohesion, it is currently considered a key player in 3D genome organization. In vertebrates, two paralog genes encode two versions of the SA/STAG subunit of cohesin, STAG1 and STAG2. While the existence of two variant complexes has been largely ignored in many cohesin studies, the high frequency of STAG2 mutations in cancer has stirred up the interest in dissecting the unique properties that the STAG proteins confer on cohesin. In this review, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of the functional specificity of cohesin-STAG1 and cohesin-STAG2 with particular emphasis on their contributions to genome organization and gene regulation.

中文翻译：

---

粘连蛋白 STAG1 和 STAG2 在 3D 基因组架构中的特殊功能。


粘连蛋白是一种在进化中保守的复合物，可捕获 DNA。它最初因其在姐妹染色单体凝聚力中的作用而被确定，目前被认为是 3D 基因组组织中的关键角色。在脊椎动物中，两个旁系同源基因编码粘连蛋白 SA/STAG 亚基的两个版本：STAG1 和 STAG2。虽然在许多粘连蛋白研究中很大程度上忽略了两种变异复合物的存在，但癌症中 STAG2 突变的高频率激起了人们对剖析 STAG 蛋白赋予粘连蛋白的独特特性的兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们总结了对粘连蛋白-STAG1和粘连蛋白-STAG2功能特异性的理解的最新进展，特别强调它们对基因组组织和基因调控的贡献。