Numerous studies in a variety of solid tumor malignancies have demonstrated prolonged progression-free and overall survival with the addition of definitive local therapies to systemic therapies in patients with a limited number of metastases. A subset of patients with oligometastases (1–5 metastases) may experience long-term disease remission or cure after local therapies such as surgery or stereotactic body radiation therapy to metastatic sites. This article reviews the literature in oligometastatic disease and considers a theoretical rationale for a curative approach in a subset of oligometastatic solid tumor patients. In oligometastatic colorectal cancer patients with liver-only metastases and in non–small cell lung cancer patients with disease control after primary therapy and with limited nodal involvement, aggressive local therapies should be considered. Clinical trials and further biomarker validation across disease types are necessary to clarify which subsets of patients may define a theorized “oligometastatic state” and therefore benefit from aggressive local therapies.

中文翻译：

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止血疾病和局部疗法：医学肿瘤学的观点。

对多种实体瘤恶性肿瘤的大量研究表明，对于转移灶数量有限的患者，在全身性疗法中添加明确的局部疗法可延长无进展生存期和总体生存期。局部转移如外科手术或对转移部位进行立体定向放射治疗后，有一部分低转移灶（1-5个转移灶）的患者可能会长期缓解或治愈疾病。本文回顾了少转移性疾病的文献并考虑了在部分转移性实体瘤患者中采用治疗方法的理论依据。对于仅具有肝转移的低转移性大肠癌患者，以及在主要治疗后且淋巴结受累程度有限且控制疾病的非小细胞肺癌患者，应考虑采用积极的局部治疗。必须进行跨疾病类型的临床试验和进一步的生物标志物验证，以阐明哪些患者亚组可以定义理论上的“低转移状态”，从而从积极的局部治疗中受益。