Introduction: Over the past two decades, virus-like particles (VLPs) have been developed as a new generation of vaccines against viral infections. Based on VLPs, chimeric VLPs (chi-VLPs) have been generated through genetic modifications or chemical couplings. For construction of multivalent chi-VLPs vaccines, multiple genetic engineering strategies are continuously being developed. Thus, it is important to provide a summary as reference for researchers in this field.Areas covered: The representative studies on the genetic engineered multivalent chi-VLPs are summarized and mainly focused on chimeric capsid VLPs and chimeric enveloped VLPs. The advantages and limitations of each strategy are also discussed at last, as well as opinions on platform choice and future directions of eVLPs vaccines.Expert opinion: The design of multivalent chi-VLPs vaccines needs to meet the following specifications: 1) the incorporated antigens are suggested to display on the exposed surface of chi-VLPs and do not have excessive adverse effects on the stability of chi-VLPs; 2) the chi-VLPs should elicit protective antibodies against the incorporated antigen as well as the source virus of VLPs. However, there is no requirement of retaining the antigenicity of VLPs when using VLPs solely as carriers for antigens display or drug delivery.

中文翻译：

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构建多价嵌合VLP疫苗的基因工程策略。

简介：在过去的二十年中，已开发出病毒样颗粒（VLP）作为新一代针对病毒感染的疫苗。基于VLP，已经通过基因修饰或化学偶联产生了嵌合VLP（chi-VLP）。为了构建多价chi-VLPs疫苗，正在不断开发多种基因工程策略。因此，重要的是为该领域的研究人员提供参考。涵盖的领域：概述了基因工程多价嵌合VLP的代表性研究，并且主要集中于嵌合衣壳VLP和嵌合包膜VLP。最后还讨论了每种策略的优点和局限性，以及对eVLPs疫苗的平台选择和未来方向的看法。多价chi-VLP疫苗的设计需要满足以下规范：1）建议掺入的抗原在chi-VLP的暴露表面上展示，并且不会对chi-VLP的稳定性产生过度的不利影响；2）chi-VLP应引发针对掺入的抗原以及VLP的源病毒的保护性抗体。但是，当仅将VLP用作抗原展示或药物递送的载体时，不需要保留VLP的抗原性。