Several species of surface salamanders exploit underground environments; in Europe, one of the most common is the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra). In this study, we investigated if fire salamander larvae occurring in groundwater habitats can affect the abundance of some cave-adapted species. We analyzed the data of abundance of three target taxa (genera Niphargus (Amphipoda; Niphargidae), Monolistra (Isopoda; Sphaeromatidae) and Dendrocoelum (Tricladida; Dedrocoelidae)) collected in 386 surveys performed on 117 sites (pools and distinct subterranean stream sectors), within 17 natural and 24 artificial subterranean habitats, between 2012 and 2019. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the relationship between target taxa abundance, fire salamander larvae occurrence, and environmental features. The presence of salamander larvae negatively affected the abundance of all the target taxa. Monolistra abundance was positively related with the distance from the cave entrance of the sites and by their surface. Our study revealed that surface salamanders may have a negative effect on the abundance of cave-adapted animals, and highlited the importance of further investigations on the diet and on the top-down effects of salamanders on the subterranean communities.

中文翻译：

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Sal限制了地下生境中地下水无脊椎动物的数量吗？

几种表面sal在地下环境中活动。在欧洲，最常见的一种是火sal（Salamandra salamandra）。在这项研究中，我们调查了在地下水生境中发生的火sal幼虫是否会影响某些适应洞穴的物种的丰度。我们分析了三个目标分类单元（Niphargus属（Amphipoda； Niphargidae），Monistera（Isopoda； Sphaeromatidae）和Dendrocoelum）的丰度数据。（Tricladida; Dedrocoelidae））在2012年至2019年期间，在17个自然和24个人工地下生境中的117个地点（水池和不同的地下溪流部门）进行的386次调查中收集了该数据。使用广义线性混合模型评估目标分类单元之间的关系。丰富，火sal幼虫的发生和环境特征。sal幼虫的存在不利地影响了所有目标分类单元的数量。莫尼斯特拉丰度与从遗址的洞穴入口到其表面的距离呈正相关。我们的研究表明，表面sal可能会对适应洞穴的动物的数量产生负面影响，并强调了进一步研究饮食和of对地下群落的自上而下影响的重要性。