The French government is planning the construction of offshore wind farms (OWF) in the next decade (around 2900 MW). Following the European Environmental Impact Assessment Directive 85/337/EEC, several studies have been undertaken to identify the environmental conditions and ecosystem functioning at selected sites prior to OWF construction. However, these studies are generally focused on the conservation of some species and there is no holistic approach for analysing the effects arising from OWF construction and operation. The objective of this article is to promote a sampling strategy to collect data on the different ecosystem compartments of the future Dieppe-Le Tréport (DLT) wind farm site, adopting an ecosystem approach, which could be applied to other OWFs for the implementation of a trophic network analysis. For that purpose, an Ecopath model is used here to derive indices from Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) to investigate the ecosystem structure and functioning. The results show that the ecosystem is most likely detritus-based, associated with a biomass dominated by bivalves, which could act as a dead end for a classic trophic food web since their consumption by top predators is low in comparison to their biomass. The systemic approach developed for DLT OWF site should be applied for other French and European installations of Offshore Wind Farm.

中文翻译：

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研究海上风电场影响的生态系统方法：法国案例研究

法国政府计划在未来十年（约2900兆瓦）内建设海上风电场（OWF）。根据欧洲环境影响评估指令85/337 / EEC，已经进行了多项研究，以在OWF建造之前确定选定地点的环境条件和生态系统功能。但是，这些研究通常集中在某些物种的保护上，还没有整体方法来分析OWF的建造和运营所产生的影响。本文的目的是推广一种采样策略，以收集未来Dieppe-LeTréport（DLT）风电场站点不同生态系统分区的数据，采用生态系统方法，该方法可应用于其他OWF以实施营养网络分析。为了这个目的，这里使用Ecopath模型从生态网络分析（ENA）得出指数，以研究生态系统的结构和功能。结果表明，该生态系统最有可能是以碎屑为基础的，与双壳类动物占主导地位的生物质有关，这可能是经典营养食品网的死胡同，因为顶级掠食者的消费量比其生物质低。为DLT OWF站点开发的系统方法应适用于法国和欧洲的其他海上风电场装置。这可能是经典营养食品网的死胡同，因为顶级捕食者的消费量比生物量低。为DLT OWF站点开发的系统方法应适用于法国和欧洲的其他海上风电场装置。这可能是经典营养食品网的死胡同，因为顶级捕食者的消费量比生物量低。为DLT OWF站点开发的系统方法应适用于法国和欧洲的其他海上风电场装置。