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The Y chromosome may contribute to sex-specific ageing in Drosophila.
Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1179-5 Emily J Brown 1 , Alison H Nguyen 1 , Doris Bachtrog 1
Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1179-5 Emily J Brown 1 , Alison H Nguyen 1 , Doris Bachtrog 1
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Heterochromatin suppresses repetitive DNA, and a loss of heterochromatin has been observed in aged cells of several species, including humans and Drosophila. Males often contain substantially more heterochromatic DNA than females, due to the presence of a large, repeat-rich Y chromosome, and male flies generally have a shorter average lifespan than females. Here we show that repetitive DNA becomes de-repressed more rapidly in old male flies relative to females, and repeats on the Y chromosome are disproportionally mis-expressed during ageing. This is associated with a loss of heterochromatin at repetitive elements during ageing in male flies, and a general loss of repressive chromatin in aged males away from pericentromeric regions and the Y. By generating flies with different sex chromosome karyotypes (XXY females and X0 and XYY males), we show that repeat de-repression and average lifespan is correlated with the number of Y chromosomes. This suggests that sex-specific chromatin differences may contribute to sex-specific ageing in flies.
中文翻译：
Y染色体可能有助于果蝇性别特异性的衰老。
异染色质抑制重复性DNA，在包括人和果蝇在内的几种物种的衰老细胞中观察到异染色质的损失。由于存在大量重复富集的Y染色体，雄性通常比雌性含有更多的异色DNA，雄性蝇的平均寿命通常比雌性短。在这里，我们显示，相对于雌性，成年雄性蝇中的重复DNA变得更快速地被抑制，并且在衰老过程中，Y染色体上的重复不成比例地错误表达。这与雄性果蝇衰老过程中重复元件上异染色质的损失有关，以及远离着丝粒区域和Y的成年雄性动物中抑制性染色质的普遍损失。通过产生具有不同性别染色体核型的果蝇（雌性XXY和X0和XYY）男性），我们显示重复抑制和平均寿命与Y染色体的数量有关。这表明性别特异性的染色质差异可能会导致苍蝇的性别特异性衰老。
更新日期：2020-04-24
中文翻译：
Y染色体可能有助于果蝇性别特异性的衰老。
异染色质抑制重复性DNA，在包括人和果蝇在内的几种物种的衰老细胞中观察到异染色质的损失。由于存在大量重复富集的Y染色体，雄性通常比雌性含有更多的异色DNA，雄性蝇的平均寿命通常比雌性短。在这里，我们显示，相对于雌性，成年雄性蝇中的重复DNA变得更快速地被抑制，并且在衰老过程中，Y染色体上的重复不成比例地错误表达。这与雄性果蝇衰老过程中重复元件上异染色质的损失有关，以及远离着丝粒区域和Y的成年雄性动物中抑制性染色质的普遍损失。通过产生具有不同性别染色体核型的果蝇（雌性XXY和X0和XYY）男性），我们显示重复抑制和平均寿命与Y染色体的数量有关。这表明性别特异性的染色质差异可能会导致苍蝇的性别特异性衰老。
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