Abstract Botanical insecticides, including essential oils (EOs), can be considered as appropriate alternatives to synthetic insecticides for controlling stored product pests. In this study, potential of nano-formulations of the Tasmanian blue gum (TBG) EO to control Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) were evaluated under laboratory condition. Two nano-emulsion formulations of the EO were provided using gum Arabic and Span 80 as surfactants. Contact as well as fumigant toxicities of the formulations to the beetle adults were compared with the bulk EO in 1, 2, and 3 d after treatment. Results showed that all formulations were toxic to the adults. After 1, 2, and 3 d of treatment, the estimated LC50 values in contact and fumigant applications varied from 1.37 to 8.53 ppm and 0.05 to 0.44 ppm for various formulations. Both nano-formulations cause significant stability enhancement of the EO. Moreover, the EO had significant repellent and ovicidal effects on the insect. The insecticidal effects of the EO in nano-formulations were significantly greater than in the bulk form. The EO constituted 22 compounds, from 5 classes. Eucalyptol (43.79%) is the main constituent of the TBG EO.

中文翻译：

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两种塔斯马尼亚蓝胶精油纳米配方防治黄斑蝾螈的功效

摘要 植物性杀虫剂，包括精油 (EOs)，可被视为合成杀虫剂的合适替代品，用于控制储存产品害虫。在这项研究中，在实验室条件下评估了塔斯马尼亚蓝胶 (TBG) EO 纳米制剂控制斑纹蝾螈（鞘翅目，Bruchidae）的潜力。使用阿拉伯树胶和 Span 80 作为表面活性剂提供了两种 EO 纳米乳液配方。在处理后 1、2 和 3 天，将制剂对甲虫成虫的接触和熏蒸毒性与散装 EO 进行比较。结果表明，所有制剂对成年人都有毒。处理 1、2 和 3 天后，接触和熏蒸剂应用的 LC50 估计值从 1.37 至 8.53 ppm 和 0.05 至 0.44 ppm 不等，适用于各种配方。两种纳米制剂都显着增强了 EO 的稳定性。此外，EO对昆虫具有显着的驱避和杀卵作用。EO 在纳米制剂中的杀虫作用明显大于散装形式。EO 由 5 个类别的 22 种化合物组成。桉油精 (43.79%) 是 TBG EO 的主要成分。