Abstract Improvements in the mass rearing of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) on larvae of the Vienna-8 temperature-sensitive lethal genetic sexing strain of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (= GSS Vienna-8) at the San Juan biofactory, Argentina, are currently under way. Lowering cost production is a key factor regarding parasitoid rearing. Thus, the variation in mass-reared parasitoid encapsulation levels and the incidence of superparasitism were determined; also, the gamma radiation dose-effect relation on host larvae and the influence of Mediterranean fruit fly strain were considered. Naked Mediterranean fruit fly larvae of both GSS Vienna-8 and a wild bisexual strain (= WBS) aged 6-d-old were irradiated at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 Gy, and exposed to parasitoid females. Melanization level was tested for encapsulated parasitoid larval first-instars (= L1). Non-irradiated and irradiated WBS larvae at 20–40 Gy displayed a significantly higher incidence of encapsulation when compared with GSS Vienna-8 larvae. The low melanized level in encapsulated parasitoid L1 was the most common melanization process at 72 h puparium dissection. A high melanized level was only found in non-irradiated WBS larvae. Irradiated GSS Vienna-8 larvae can neutralize the host immunological reactions over irradiated WBS larvae much more quickly. Superparasitism intensity in both Mediterranean fruit fly strains was not affected by radiation doses. High levels of superparasitism seemingly helped to overcome the host's immune reaction by the surviving parasitoid larva. Parasitoid emergence increased from 60 Gy onwards in both Mediterranean fruit fly strains. Radiation in GSS Vienna-8 larvae may favor host's antagonistic reactions decrease in relation with D. longicaudata development.

中文翻译：

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对 tsl Vienna-8 遗传性别鉴定菌株的地中海果蝇幼虫的辐射显示在大规模饲养的 Diachasmimorpha longicaudata（膜翅目：茧蜂科）中寄生蜂的包囊减少

摘要 在圣胡安生物工厂大规模饲养 Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) 的维也纳-8 温度敏感致死基因性鉴定 Ceratitis 头 (Wiedemann)（双翅目：实蝇科）（= GSS Vienna-8）幼虫的改进，阿根廷，目前正在进行中。降低生产成本是寄生蜂饲养的一个关键因素。因此，确定了大规模饲养的寄生蜂包囊水平的变化和超寄生的发生率；此外，还考虑了伽马辐射对寄主幼虫的剂量效应关系和地中海果蝇品系的影响。GSS Vienna-8 和野生双性品系（= WBS）的裸露地中海果蝇幼虫 6 日龄接受 0、20、40、60、80、100 和 120 Gy 的辐照，并暴露于寄生雌性. 测试了封装的寄生蜂幼虫一龄 (= L1) 的黑化水平。与 GSS Vienna-8 幼虫相比，20-40 Gy 的未辐照和辐照 WBS 幼虫显示出明显更高的包囊发生率。包膜寄生蜂 L1 中的低黑化水平是 72 小时蛹解剖中最常见的黑化过程。仅在未辐照的 WBS 幼虫中发现了高黑色化水平。经辐照的 GSS Vienna-8 幼虫可以更快地中和宿主对经辐照的 WBS 幼虫的免疫反应。两种地中海果蝇品系的超寄生强度不受辐射剂量的影响。高水平的超寄生似乎有助于克服幸存的寄生幼虫的宿主免疫反应。在两种地中海果蝇品系中，寄生蜂出现从 60 Gy 开始增加。GSS Vienna-8 幼虫的辐射可能有利于与 D. longicaudata 发育相关的宿主拮抗反应减少。