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Evaluation of the insecticidal activity of Moringa oleifera seed extract and lectin (WSMoL) against Sitophilus zeamais
Journal of Stored Products Research ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101615
Ana Patrícia Silva de Oliveira , Afonso Cordeiro Agra-Neto , Emmanuel Viana Pontual , Thâmarah de Albuquerque Lima , Kamila Cardoso Vera Cruz , Karolynne Rodrigues de Melo , Amanda Samson de Oliveira , Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho , Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira , Luiz Alberto Lira Soares , Thiago Henrique Napoleão , Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva

Abstract The maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais is a pest of remarkable economic importance as it attacks stored grains, processed cereals, and industrial foods. In this study, a water extract (WE) from Moringa oleifera seeds and water-soluble lectin (WSMoL) isolated from it were investigated for insecticidal activity against S. zeamais adults. The insects were maintained for 10 days on plates containing an artificial diet composed of wheat flour supplemented with WE (60.0–640.0 mg/g) or WSMoL (0.5–60 mg/g). Mortality rate, insect biomass, and amount of food consumed were recorded. The effects of WE and WSMoL on trypsin-like, α-amylase, and endoglucanase activities from insect guts were also investigated. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and reducing sugars in the WE. Furthermore, the presence of rutin and ellagic acid was confirmed by HPLC. The extract was toxic to S. zeamais (LC50: 214.6 mg/g) while WSMoL caused slight mortality (12.0 ± 2.7%) at the highest tested dose (60 mg/g). The intake of WE exerted moderate to strong deterrent effects. Moreover, WSMoL decreased the relative biomass gain rate and efficiency in the conversion of ingested food but did not exert deterrent action. The WE stimulated α-amylase and endoglucanase activities, while WSMoL stimulated trypsin-like activity from S. zeamais gut. In conclusion, the WE was toxic to S. zeamais probably due to its feeding-deterrent activity, while WSMoL did not cause acute mortality but negatively affected the nutritional physiology of the insects, which can have long-term impacts.

中文翻译:

辣木种子提取物和凝集素 (WSMoL) 对 Sitophilus zeamais 杀虫活性的评价

摘要 玉米象鼻虫 Sitophilus zeamais 是一种具有显着经济重要性的害虫,因为它攻击储存的谷物、加工过的谷物和工业食品。在这项研究中,研究了来自辣木种子的水提取物 (WE) 和从中分离的水溶性凝集素 (WSMoL) 对 S. zeamais 成虫的杀虫活性。昆虫在含有由小麦粉组成的人工饲料的平板上维持 10 天,该饲料由补充有 WE(60.0-640.0 毫克/克)或 WSMoL(0.5-60 毫克/克)的小麦粉组成。记录死亡率、昆虫生物量和消耗的食物量。还研究了 WE 和 WSMoL 对来自昆虫肠道的胰蛋白酶样、α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶活性的影响。植物化学分析显示 WE 中存在类黄酮、单宁、皂苷、苯丙素、生物碱和还原糖。此外,通过HPLC证实了芦丁和鞣花酸的存在。该提取物对玉米 S. (LC50: 214.6 mg/g) 有毒,而 WSMoL 在最高测试剂量 (60 mg/g) 下会导致轻微的死亡率 (12.0 ± 2.7%)。WE的摄入发挥了中到强的威慑作用。此外,WSMoL 降低了摄入食物转化的相对生物量增益率和效率,但没有发挥威慑作用。WE 刺激了 α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性,而 WSMoL 刺激了玉米链球菌肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。该提取物对玉米 S. (LC50: 214.6 mg/g) 有毒,而 WSMoL 在最高测试剂量 (60 mg/g) 下会导致轻微的死亡率 (12.0 ± 2.7%)。WE的摄入发挥了中到强的威慑作用。此外,WSMoL 降低了摄入食物转化的相对生物量增益率和效率,但没有发挥威慑作用。WE 刺激了 α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性,而 WSMoL 刺激了玉米链球菌肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。该提取物对玉米 S. (LC50: 214.6 mg/g) 有毒,而 WSMoL 在最高测试剂量 (60 mg/g) 下会导致轻微的死亡率 (12.0 ± 2.7%)。WE的摄入发挥了中到强的威慑作用。此外,WSMoL 降低了摄入食物转化的相对生物量增益率和效率,但没有发挥威慑作用。WE 刺激了 α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性,而 WSMoL 刺激了玉米链球菌肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。WE的摄入发挥了中到强的威慑作用。此外,WSMoL 降低了摄入食物转化的相对生物量增益率和效率,但没有发挥威慑作用。WE 刺激了 α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性,而 WSMoL 刺激了玉米链球菌肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。WE的摄入发挥了中到强的威慑作用。此外,WSMoL 降低了摄入食物转化的相对生物量增益率和效率,但没有发挥威慑作用。WE 刺激了 α-淀粉酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性,而 WSMoL 刺激了玉米链球菌肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。而 WSMoL 刺激了来自 S. zeamais 肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。而 WSMoL 刺激了来自 S. zeamais 肠道的胰蛋白酶样活性。总之,WE 对 S. zeamais 有毒,可能是由于其抑制摄食活性,而 WSMoL 不会导致急性死亡,但会对昆虫的营养生理产生负面影响,这可能会产生长期影响。
更新日期:2020-05-01
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