Abstract Practitioners have outplanted tens of thousands of nursery-reared coral colonies for restoration purposes, and interest in outplanting is increasing. However, restoration outcomes on natural reefs can be variable, and genotype- and site-specific differences have been reported. To systematically explore these differences, performance of restored corals was compared at two site types, and intraspecific variation in phenotype among six genotypes previously characterized in a nursery was simultaneously assessed. Nursery-reared Acropora cervicornis colonies were outplanted to geographically paired fore reef (n = 2) and patch reef (n = 2) sites. Colony growth and condition were monitored over one year. After the first monitoring visit, Hurricane Irma passed directly over outplant sites, providing an opportunity to examine disturbance effects across sites. In contrast to nursery results, growth did not vary among genotypes or sites either pre- or post-hurricane. Plasticity in pre-hurricane growth among sites was observed for one of the six genotypes examined. Stark differences in post-hurricane survival were observed between fore reef and patch reef sites: while 51.04 ± 9.38 % of outplanted colonies survived at patch reef sites, no colonies could be located at either fore reef site. Records from additional sites monitored by practitioners indicated higher outplant survival following hurricane disturbance at patch reef sites compared to fore reef sites. The lack of site or genotype effects on growth in A. cervicornis contrasts with a number of previous studies, however growth results were likely confounded by Hurricane Irma. Reduced structural complexity on Caribbean reefs may contribute to differential hurricane impacts between restored fore reefs and patch reefs. These results suggest that restoration practitioners should consider increasing effort on patch reef sites in restoration programs while also developing new strategies to foster resilience at fore reef sites.

中文翻译：

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斑块和前礁位点外植珊瑚的差异干扰效应和表型可塑性

摘要 从业者为了恢复目的已经外植了数以万计的育苗珊瑚群，外植的兴趣正在增加。然而，天然珊瑚礁的恢复结果可能会有所不同，并且已经报告了基因型和特定地点的差异。为了系统地探索这些差异，在两个地点类型比较了恢复珊瑚的性能，并且同时评估了先前在苗圃中表征的六种基因型之间表型的种内变异。苗圃饲养的鹿角鹿角菌群被外植到地理配对的前礁 (n = 2) 和斑块礁 (n = 2) 地点。在一年内监测菌落生长和状况。在第一次监测访问后，飓风艾尔玛直接经过外厂现场，提供了一个机会来检查跨站点的干扰影响。与苗圃结果相反，无论是飓风前还是飓风后，基因型或地点的生长都没有变化。对于所检查的六种基因型中的一种，观察到站点间飓风前生长的可塑性。在前礁和斑块礁地点之间观察到飓风后生存的明显差异：虽然 51.04 ± 9.38 % 的外植群落在斑块礁地点存活，但在任何一个前礁地点都无法找到群落。从业者监测的其他地点的记录表明，与前礁地点相比，斑块礁地点在飓风干扰后的外植体存活率更高。与之前的许多研究相比，对 A. cervicornis 生长缺乏位点或基因型影响，但生长结果可能受到飓风艾玛的影响。加勒比珊瑚礁结构复杂性的降低可能会导致恢复的前礁和斑块礁之间的飓风影响不同。这些结果表明，修复从业者应该考虑在修复计划中加大对斑块礁遗址的努力，同时制定新的策略来培养前礁遗址的复原力。