The present study questions the ability of marine fauna to modulate the molecular composition of their membrane lipids, as a function of environmental hydrostatic pressure conditions. Specific variations in the cell lipidome composition are presented for the deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimp Mirocaris fortunata, acclimated at the laboratory for several months at both natural (18 MPa) and atmospheric pressures, but fed with the same diet. These animals display physiological capabilities of acclimation to pressure variations, possibly driven by a particular composition of their lipid species. In particular, it is shown that shrimps exposed to atmospheric pressure exhibit a significantly lower level of the mono-unsaturated fatty acid, vaccenic acid (C18:1n-7), compared to those maintained at natural pressure. The observed fatty acid variations are consistent with a homeoviscous response, i.e. a modulation of the lipidome composition, in response to physical constraints, in order to balance the effects of pressure on membrane order. Additionally, supervised multivariate data analysis was performed for complex lipids and revealed an increase in levels of sterols, sphingomyelin, and ether-phosphatidylethanolamine lipids for animals exposed to atmospheric pressure, with respect to natural pressure. These observations strongly suggest that lipidic domains are involved in the shrimp's response to experimental conditions, and their consistency with a homeoviscous response to pressure is discussed.

本研究质疑海洋动物根据环境静水压力条件调节其膜脂分子组成的能力。提出了深海热液排放虾米拉莫里斯（Mirocaris fortunata）细胞脂质组组成的特定变化在自然压力（18 MPa）和大气压下，要在实验室中适应几个月，但要用相同的饮食喂养。这些动物表现出适应压力变化的生理能力，这可能是由它们的脂质种类的特定组成所驱动的。特别地，显示出与保持在自然压力下的虾相比，暴露于大气压下的虾表现出明显更低的单不饱和脂肪酸，痘苗酸（C18：1n-7）。为了平衡压力对膜顺序的影响，观察到的脂肪酸变化与顺应性反应一致，即响应物理限制而调节脂质组的组成。另外，对复杂脂质进行了有监督的多元数据分析，结果表明，暴露于大气压力下的动物相对于自然压力而言，甾醇，鞘磷脂和醚磷脂酰乙醇胺脂质的含量增加。这些观察结果强烈表明，脂质结构域参与了虾对实验条件的反应，并讨论了它们与对压力的顺势反应的一致性。