Background

: College student mental health (MH) problems and suicide risk have steadily increased over the past decade and a significant number of students with MH problems do not seek treatment. While some barriers to mental health care service utilization (MHSU) have been identified, very little is known regarding how these barriers differ among sociodemographic subgroups of students.

Method

: Participants were 3,358 college students from four US universities who screened positive for elevated suicide risk (defined as 2 or more of: depression, alcohol misuse, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt) and were not actively receiving MH services. Reported barriers to MHSU were categorized into: Low perceived need, privacy/stigma concerns, questioning helpfulness of treatment, logistics, time constraints, finances, and cultural issues.

Results

: Adjusted odds ratios indicated that finances were a greater barrier for women, sexual and gender minority students, and Black and Hispanic students. Privacy/stigma concerns were more prominent for men and young undergraduate students. White students and older undergraduate and graduate students were more likely to report a lack of time, and cultural sensitivity issues were significant barriers for sexual and gender minority, and racial/ethnic minority, students.

Limitations

: Participating sites were not nationally representative. The barriers assessment did not examine the degree to which a specific barrier contributed to lack of MHSU relative to others.

Conclusions

: In light of the significant variation in barriers based on age, gender identity, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation, efforts to increase MHSU should be tailored to meet the unique needs of specific sociodemographic student subgroups.

中文翻译：

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自杀风险较高的大学生在心理健康障碍方面的社会人口统计学差异。

背景

：在过去十年中，大学生心理健康（MH）问题和自杀风险稳步上升，并且许多有MH问题的学生没有寻求治疗。虽然已经确定了使用精神保健服务的一些障碍，但对于这些障碍在学生的社会人口统计学子组之间的差异知之甚少。

方法

：参与者是来自4所美国大学的3358名大学生，他们对自杀风险的升高呈阳性（定义为抑郁症，酗酒，自杀意念，自杀未遂中的2个或更多），但并未积极接受MH服务。报告的MHSU障碍分为以下几类：感知需求低，对隐私/污名的关注，对治疗的有用性，后勤，时间限制，财务和文化问题的质疑。

结果

：调整后的优势比表明，​​财务状况是女性，性少数和性别少数学生以及黑人和西班牙裔学生的更大障碍。对于男性和年轻的本科生来说，隐私/污名的担忧更为突出。白人学生和年长的本科生和研究生更有可能报告时间不足，而文化敏感性问题是性和性别少数群体以及种族/族裔少数群体学生的重要障碍。

局限性

：参与网站不代表全国。障碍评估没有研究特定障碍相对于其他障碍导致缺少MHSU的程度。

结论

：鉴于基于年龄，性别认同，种族/民族和性取向的障碍差异很大，应针对增加MHSU的努力进行调整，以满足特定社会人口学学生群体的独特需求。