Many arid regions in the world suffer from over-exploitation of local groundwater resources leading to the degradation of freshwater aquifer systems, drying of spring discharges, and other damage to land and infrastructure. The development of groundwater critical zone maps (GCZMs) using the best available data is one important method that can be used by decision makers to develop a justifiable regulatory framework that may ban future use of wells. The multi-influencing factor (MIF) and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were used to create GCZMs for the Kangavar sub-catchment basin (aquifer system) of western Iran. Seven mapped factors were used as input into the models that included spatial occurrence of geological formations, aquifer lithologies, aquifer thickness, aquifer recharge, annual groundwater discharge (including water use), water-well density, and groundwater quality (degradation). Weighting factors were placed on the input data based on expert opinions, and the created thematic maps were combined using the weighted sum tool within a GIS framework to create two separate GCZMs. It was found that both methods produced acceptable and similar results, but based on a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of internal error the MIF model (0.82) was > 10% more accurate compared to the AHP model (0.72). Critical and subcritical classification areas within the basin covered areas of 94 and 77.7 km² in the MIF and AHP maps, respectively. Banning of water-well construction in these areas is therefore technically justifiable and demonstrates the need to use two methods for development and verification of GCZMs with varying assumptions.

中文翻译：

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伊朗西部地区使用多影响因子（MIF）和层次分析法（AHP）模型对冲积含水层系统的关键区域评估

世界上许多干旱地区都遭受当地地下水资源过度开发的困扰，导致淡水含水层系统退化，春季排水口干燥以及对土地和基础设施的其他破坏。利用可获得的最佳数据开发地下水临界区图（GCZM）是决策者可以用来制定合理的监管框架以禁止将来使用井的一种重要方法。使用多影响因子（MIF）和层次分析法（AHP）方法为伊朗西部的Kangavar子集水盆地（含水层系统）创建了GCZM。模型中使用了七个映射因子作为输入，包括地质构造的空间分布，含水层岩性，含水层厚度，含水层补给量，年地下水排放量（包括用水量），水井密度和地下水质量（退化）。权重因子基于专家意见放置在输入数据上，并且在GIS框架内使用加权总和工具组合了创建的主题图，以创建两个单独的GCZM。发现这两种方法均产生可接受且相似的结果，但基于接收机内部误差的工作特性曲线分析，与AHP模型（0.72）相比，MIF模型（0.82）的准确度高出10％以上。流域内的临界和亚临界分类区分别覆盖94和77.7 km 发现这两种方法均产生可接受且相似的结果，但基于接收机内部误差的工作特性曲线分析，与AHP模型（0.72）相比，MIF模型（0.82）的准确度高出10％以上。流域内的临界和亚临界分类区分别覆盖94和77.7 km 发现这两种方法均产生可接受且相似的结果，但基于接收机内部误差的工作特性曲线分析，与AHP模型（0.72）相比，MIF模型（0.82）的准确度高出10％以上。流域内的临界和亚临界分类区分别覆盖94和77.7 km²在MIF和AHP地图，分别。因此，在这些地区禁止水井建设在技术上是合理的，并表明需要使用两种方法以不同的假设开发和验证GCZM。