Abstract The method of storage has, in the long run, a negative effect on the quality of wheat kernels, due to physiological ageing of its cells.The quality of the kernels was assessed during the storage, giving the predefined conditions - temperature 25 ± 2 °C and the storage duration.Wheat kernel metabolites were studied during 12 and 24-month storage. Kernels of three commercial wheat cultivars – ‘Simonida’, ‘Dragana’ and ‘Ljiljana’, commonly grown in south-eastern Europe, were investigated. Comparing fresh samples to samples taken after 12 and 24 months of storage, it was recorded with an increase in dry matter (by 2.48% and 2.84%) and ash (by 4.09% and 15.25%), and a decrease in protein (by 8.96% and 19.81%), lipids (by 8.32% and 15.07%), starch (by 9.07% and 13.45%) and cellulose (by 22.12% and 26.35%). There were also changes in phenolics (10.51–11.82 mg GA/g). Flavonoid vitexin-glucoside (0.82–1.29 mg/g) and flavan-3-ol catechin (1.31–1.60 mg/g), total antioxidant potential and DPPH scavenging activity were not significantly different. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) decreased, but remained at 92%. These changes did not significantly affect key properties of the kernels, OMD and antioxidant activity, thus wheat kernels can be safely stored for 24 months.

中文翻译：

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小麦籽粒 (Triticumaestivum L.) 储存期间的功能特性

摘要 从长远来看，由于小麦细胞的生理老化，储存方法会对小麦籽粒的质量产生负面影响。在储存期间评估籽粒的质量，给出预定义的条件 - 温度 25 ± 2 °C 和储存持续时间。在 12 和 24 个月的储存期间研究了小麦籽粒代谢物。对通常在东南欧种植的三种商业小麦品种——'Simonida'、'Dragana' 和'Ljiljana' 的仁进行了调查。将新鲜样品与储存 12 个月和 24 个月后采集的样品进行比较，记录到干物质增加（分别增加 2.48% 和 2.84%）和灰分（增加 4.09% 和 15.25%），蛋白质减少（减少 8.96 % 和 19.81%）、脂质（分别为 8.32% 和 15.07%）、淀粉（分别为 9.07% 和 13.45%）和纤维素（分别为 22.12% 和 26.35%）。酚类物质也发生了变化（10.51–11.82 mg GA/g）。黄酮类牡荆素-葡萄糖苷 (0.82–1.29 mg/g) 和 flavan-3-ol 儿茶素 (1.31–1.60 mg/g)、总抗氧化潜力和 DPPH 清除活性没有显着差异。有机物消化率 (OMD) 下降，但仍保持在 92%。这些变化对麦粒的关键特性、OMD 和抗氧化活性没有显着影响，因此小麦粒可以安全储存 24 个月。