As most vehicles remain parked 95% of its time, this suggests that leveraging the use of On-board Units (OBUs) in parked vehicles would provide communication and computation services to other mobile and fixed nodes for delivery of services such as multimedia streaming, data storage and data processing. The nearby vehicles can form an infrastructure using IEEE 802.11p communication interface, facilitating communication, computation and storage services to the end users. We refer to this as a Vehicular Fog Computing (VFC) infrastructure. In this study, using NS-2 simulator, we investigate how six routing protocols consisting of two proactive routing protocols, Destination Sequence Destination Vector (DSDV) and Fisheye State Routing (FSR); two reactive routing protocols, Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR); and two geographic routing protocols, Distance Routing Effect Algorithm for Mobility (DREAM) and Location Aided Routing (LAR) perform when forwarding TCP traffic among the parked vehicles that form a VFC infrastructure in an urban street parking scenario. In order to reflect an urban street parking scenario, we consider a traffic mobility traces that are generated using SUMO in our simulation. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first effort to understand how vehicle density, vehicle speed and parking duration can influence TCP in an urban street parking scenario when packet forwarding decision is made using proactive, reactive and geographic routing protocols. In our performance evaluation, positive results are observed on the influence of parking duration in parked vehicles as TCP performance in all routing protocols increases with longer parking duration. However, variable speed in parked vehicles and moving vehicles in an urban street parking scenario may not have significant influence on TCP performance, especially in case of reactive and proactive routing protocols. Further, our findings reveal that vehicle density in a VFC infrastructure can noticeably influence TCP performance. Towards the end of the paper, we delineate some important future research issues in order to improve routing performance in a street-parked vehicle based VFC infrastructure.

中文翻译：

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评估基于雾计算基础设施的路边停车车辆流量交换路由协议的TCP性能

由于大多数车辆在其95％的时间内仍处于停放状态，这表明利用停放的车辆中的车载单元（OBU）可以为其他移动和固定节点提供通信和计算服务，以提供多媒体流，数据等服务存储和数据处理。附近的车辆可以使用IEEE 802.11p通信接口形成基础设施，从而为最终用户提供便利的通信，计算和存储服务。我们将其称为车载雾计算（VFC）基础架构。在这项研究中，我们使用NS-2模拟器研究了由两个主动路由协议（目标序列目标向量（DSDV）和鱼眼状态路由（FSR））组成的六个路由协议；两种反应式路由协议，即需按需距离矢量（AODV）和动态源路由（DSR）；在城市街道停车场景中，在构成VFC基础设施的停放车辆之间转发TCP流量时，会执行两种地理路由协议：移动性距离路由效果算法（DREAM）和位置辅助路由（LAR）。为了反映城市街道停车场景，我们在仿真中考虑了使用SUMO生成的交通移动性轨迹。据我们所知，这项工作是了解使用主动，反应式和地理路由协议进行数据包转发决策时，车辆密度，车速和停车时间如何影响城市街道停车场景中的TCP的第一项工作。在我们的绩效评估中，由于所有路由协议中的TCP性能随着停车时间的延长而增加，因此在停车时间对停车车辆的影响方面获得了积极的结果。但是，在城市街道停车场景中，停放的车辆和行驶中的车辆的变速可能不会对TCP性能产生重大影响，尤其是在反应式和主动式路由协议的情况下。此外，我们的发现表明，VFC基础设施中的车辆密度会显着影响TCP性能。在本文的最后，我们概述了一些重要的未来研究问题，以提高基于VFC基础设施的路边停车车辆的路由性能。特别是在反应式和主动式路由协议的情况下。此外，我们的发现表明，VFC基础设施中的车辆密度会显着影响TCP性能。在本文的最后，我们概述了一些重要的未来研究问题，以提高基于VFC基础设施的路边停车车辆的路由性能。特别是在反应式和主动式路由协议的情况下。此外，我们的发现表明，VFC基础设施中的车辆密度会显着影响TCP性能。在本文的最后，我们概述了一些重要的未来研究问题，以提高基于VFC基础设施的路边停车车辆的路由性能。