Background Non-adherence is a problem that particularly affects those with chronic diseases. Studying causes for not following the treatment is necessary to choose the best intervention to improve non-adherence. Objective Analyze how the intentionality of non-adherence modulates the effects of professional intervention in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Setting: Community pharmacies and primary care centres in Spain. Methods A 6-month randomized controlled trial was conducted in 46 community pharmacies and 50 primary care centres in Spain. Adherence to statin therapy was measured with the Morisky-Green-Levine test. Non-adherence was classified based on the intentionality. Results 746 Patients were recruited for the study (465 non-adherent and 281 adherent). Of those, 237 were randomly assigned to the intervention group and 228 to the non-intervention group. The 56.5% of non-adherent patients were classified as unintentional non-adherents and 43.5% as intentional non-adherents. More patients in the intervention group finished being adherent compared with the non-intervention group (+ 17.2% for intentional non-adherents and + 27.4% for unintentional non-adherence). The percentage of patients in the intervention group who completed the study as adherent was higher among those who previously had unintentional non-adherence (66.4%) compared to those with intentional non- adherence (55.3%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Intervention provided to patients with unintentional non-adherence was more effective than intervention provided to patients with intentional non- adherence.

中文翻译：

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根据患者不依从性的原因，卫生专业人员干预对他汀类药物使用依从性的影响。

背景不依从是一个特别影响慢性病患者的问题。研究不遵循治疗的原因对于选择最佳干预措施来改善不依从性是必要的。目的分析不依从的意向性如何调节专业干预对高胆固醇血症患者的影响。环境：西班牙的社区药房和初级保健中心。方法在西班牙 46 家社区药房和 50 家初级保健中心进行了为期 6 个月的随机对照试验。对他汀类药物治疗的依从性通过 Morisky-Green-Levine 检验来衡量。非依从性根据意向性进行分类。结果研究招募了 746 名患者（465 名非依从者和 281 名依从者）。其中，237 人被随机分配到干预组，228 人被随机分配到非干预组。56.5% 的不依从患者被归类为无意不依从者，43.5% 被归类为有意不依从者。与非干预组相比，干预组中更多的患者完成了依从性（有意不依从者为 + 17.2%，无意不依从者为 + 27.4%）。与有意不依从者 (55.3%) 相比，干预组中以依从者身份完成研究的患者百分比在先前无意不依从者 (66.4%) 中更高 (p < 0.001)。结论 为无意不依从的患者提供的干预比为有意不依从的患者提供的干预更有效。