We investigate the effects of anisotropy on ghost dark energy model from the latest observational data. We have fitted our model with the present observational data including Supernovae type Ia (SNIa) and the Hubble expansion history H(z) datasets, and compare the results with the Λ $\Lambda $ CDM model. We test the possible dipole anisotropy of the ghost dark energy model, by using the Pantheon and the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) sample. We also examine the behavior of different cosmological parameters such as Hubble parameter, equation of state (EoS) parameter and deceleration parameter of ghost dark energy model in an anisotropic universe. With the help of best fit results, we find that the EoS parameter represents quintessence era while a transition in the expansion history of universe from a deceleration phase to an accelerated one around z ≈ 1.42 $z\approx 1.42$ with the 1 σ ′ $1\sigma '$ confidence level. Finally we found that the presence of anisotropy improved the fit to observations with respect to that provided by an isotropic dark energy model.

中文翻译：

---

利用宇宙学数据研究QCD鬼暗能量的各向异性效应

我们从最新的观测数据研究了各向异性对鬼暗能量模型的影响。我们用目前的观测数据拟合了我们的模型，包括超新星 Ia 型 (SNIa) 和哈勃膨胀历史 H(z) 数据集，并将结果与​​ Λ $\Lambda $ CDM 模型进行比较。我们通过使用万神殿和超新星遗产调查 (SNLS) 样本来测试鬼暗能量模型可能的偶极子各向异性。我们还研究了不同宇宙学参数的行为，例如哈勃参数、状态方程 (EoS) 参数和各向异性宇宙中鬼暗能量模型的减速参数。在最佳拟合结果的帮助下，我们发现 EoS 参数代表了典型时代，而宇宙膨胀历史从减速阶段过渡到加速阶段，大约在 z ≈ 1.42 $z\approx 1.42$ 和 1 σ′ $1\sigma '$ 置信水平。最后，我们发现各向异性的存在改进了与各向同性暗能量模型提供的观测值的拟合。