In the present study, the demosponge genus Melophlus Thiele, 1899 is revised and the type specimens of all its species are re-examined. The diagnosis of the genus is amended, based on the presence in the type species, M. sarasinorum Thiele, 1899, of a well-developed ectosome of acanthomicrorhabds and a dense feltwork of large oxeas, together with oxyasters and microxeas as microscleres; triaenes are absent. Melophlus ruber Lehnert & van Soest, 1998 and Melophlus hajdui Moraes, 2011 are here transferred to Stellettinopsis Carter, 1879 due to their superficial crust of large acanthomicrorhabds, bouquets of oxeas in the ectosome, and rare triaenes previously overlooked. Additionally, we describe two new species of Stellettinopsis from Brazil and compare them to all valid species of the genus. Stellettinopsis capixaba sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners especially by the presence of rare orthotriaenes with curved cladi and of three categories of spined euasters (oxyasters 1 and 2 and strongylasters); Stellettinopsis baiana sp. nov. is characterized mainly by the common orthodichotriaenes, spined oxyasters, and spined strongylasters. Stellettinopsis species have been often assigned to the genus Melophlus due to their similar spicule complement and rarity of triaenes. We suggest that skeletal architecture and the shape of microscleres are more useful than megascleres to separate genera with rare triaenes such as Stellettinopsis and Stryphnus from other astrophorids. Morphological data suggest that both Stellettinopsis and Melophlus should be re-allocated to the family Ancorinidae, but more comprehensive integrative studies are still needed to resolve the classification of Astrophorina.

中文翻译：

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1899年的Melophlus Thiele和1879年的Stellettinopsis Carter的分类学，描述了来自巴西的两个新种（Demospongiae：Astrophorina）

在本研究中，修改了1899年的demo蒲属Melophlus Thiele，并重新检查了其所有物种的类型标本。根据种类种类，M。sarasinorum Thiele，1899年，一种发达的棘皮小体和密集的大型牛毛毡，以及含氧和微牛毛的微囊，对属的诊断进行了修改。不存在三氮烯。Melophlus ruber Lehnert＆van Soest（1998年）和Melophlus hajdui Moraes（2011年）被转移到Stellettinopsis卡特（Carter），1879年，由于它们的表层结皮有大型棘皮动物，外体中的草丛和以前被忽视的稀有三叶草。此外，我们描述了来自巴西的两种新星蝶藻，并将它们与该属的所有有效种进行了比较。Stellettinopsis capixaba sp。十一月 与同类物的区别尤其在于存在弯曲的克拉迪的稀有原三酮和三类旋转的euasters（oxyasters 1和2和strongylasters）；Stellettinopsis baiana sp。十一月 其主要特征是常见的邻二茂铁，旋转的氧化羟丙基酯和旋转的强氧化苯乙烯。Stellettinopsis物种通常被归为Melophlus属由于它们具有相似的针状补体和三氮烯的稀有性。我们建议的骨架构造和microscleres的形状比megascleres与罕见triaenes如单独属更加有用Stellettinopsis和Stryphnus其他astrophorids。形态数据表明，这两个Stellettinopsis和Melophlus应重新分配给家庭Ancorinidae，但仍然需要更全面的综合研究，以解决Astrophorina的分类。