The scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), is an important species along the Indian coast both in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. As per the IUCN Red List Assessment, the scalloped hammerhead shark is categorized as “globally endangered.” We investigated the intra-specific genetic diversity and population genetic structure of S. lewini along the Indian coast (Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal) by analyzing mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase 1 and control region sequences, respectively. Furthermore, comparisons of the sequence data generated from the present study with the sequences of S. lewini retrieved from GenBank revealed the presence of three (3) haplogroups corresponding to Indian/Indo-Pacific, Atlantic, and Pacific regions. A lack of genetic differentiation within the Indian coast and significant differentiation between ocean basins (F_ST; 0.80; p < 0.001) indicated female philopatry as mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited. Hammerhead sharks are inherently vulnerable to fishing practices directly and indirectly (as bycatch) due to their evolutionary distinct features like cephalofoil. Specialized species-specific management measures are urgently needed to protect these precious resources of the oceans.

中文翻译：

---

分子分析表明，印度洋沿岸扇贝锤头鲨Sphyrna lewini（Griffith＆Smith，1834）缺乏遗传结构。

扇贝锤头鲨Sphyrna lewini（格里菲斯和史密斯，1834年）是印度洋沿阿拉伯海和孟加拉湾的重要物种。根据世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）的红色名录评估，扇贝状的双head鲨被归类为“全球濒危”。我们分别通过分析线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶1和控制区序列，研究了印度洋沿岸（阿拉伯海和孟加拉湾）沙门氏菌的种内遗传多样性和种群遗传结构。此外，本研究产生的序列数据与Le。S. lewini序列的比较从GenBank检索到的结果显示，存在三（3）个单倍群，分别对应于印度/印度太平洋，大西洋和太平洋地区。印度沿海地区缺乏遗传分化，而海盆之间也没有明显的分化（F _ST； 0.80；p  <0.001），表明女性哲学家是线粒体DNA的母系遗传者。锤头鲨固有地容易受到直接和间接（如兼捕）捕捞活动的影响，这是因为它们具有独特的进化特征，例如头叶叶。迫切需要专门针对物种的管理措施，以保护这些宝贵的海洋资源。