Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is acknowledged as a highly valuable vegetable crop. Despite having high demand, limited breeding efforts have been made to develop the varieties and hybrids suitable to wider climatic conditions due to improper characterization of the available germplasm. An accession panel (AP) consisting of 144 accessions of five different root colors representing Asiatic and Western gene pools collected from different parts of India was utilized in the present study. This diverse AP was used to assess the population structure and genetic diversity from 80 polymorphic DNA markers distributed throughout the genome. Population structure, neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA)-based diversity assessment divided the AP into three subpopulations/clusters. Greater than ninety percent polymorphism and the higher average polymorphic information content (͂> 0.50) coupled with higher gene diversity (He) indicating the broad genetic base of the population. Moderate to high F_st and gene flow (Nm) between the subpopulations revealed a moderate genetic differentiation among Indian carrot accessions owing to the highly outcrossing nature of carrot. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) exhibited higher variation among individuals within the subpopulations (69.00%) or total populations (19.00%) than among the subpopulations (13%) as expected in the single Daucus species used here. The information obtained in the study would benefit the carrot breeders to explore the genetic diversity of the Indian carrots in the carrot breeding program for widening the genetic base and multi-color target trait improvement.

中文翻译：

---

深入了解印度胡萝卜 (Daucus carota L.) 种质的遗传多样性和种群结构。

胡萝卜（Daucus carotaL.) 被认为是一种非常有价值的蔬菜作物。尽管需求量很大，但由于对可用种质的不当表征，在开发适合更广泛气候条件的品种和杂交种方面做出了有限的育种努力。本研究使用了由代表亚洲和西方基因库的五种不同根颜色的 144 种材料组成的种质面板 (AP)。这种多样化的 AP 用于评估分布在整个基因组中的 80 个多态性 DNA 标记的种群结构和遗传多样性。种群结构、邻居加入 (NJ) 树和基于主坐标分析 (PCoA) 的多样性评估将 AP 分为三个子种群/集群。大于 90% 的多态性和更高的平均多态信息含量 (͂> 0.50) 加上更高的基因多样性 (He)，表明该种群的遗传基础广泛。中到高 F由于胡萝卜的高度异交性质，亚群之间的_st和基因流 (Nm) 显示印度胡萝卜种质之间存在适度的遗传差异。分子方差分析 (AMOVA) 显示亚群 (69.00%) 或总种群 (19.00%) 内的个体之间的变异高于此处使用的单个Daucu物种中预期的亚群 (13%) 之间的变异。研究中获得的信息将有利于胡萝卜育种者在胡萝卜育种计划中探索印度胡萝卜的遗传多样性，以扩大遗传基础和多色目标性状改进。