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Improvement of non-specific immunity, growth, and activity of digestive enzymes in Carassius auratus as a result of apple cider vinegar administration to diet.
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00797-6
Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh 1 , Ali Javadmanesh 2 , Omid Safari 1
Affiliation  

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) administration on non-specific immunity of serum and skin mucus, growth indices, and activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) in Carassius auratus. For this purpose, 180 fish (weighing 7.35 ± 0.19 g) were allocated to 4 treatment groups with 3 replications in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed for 105 days using a basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 1% (T 1), 2% (T 2), and 4% (T 3) ACV (contained 5% acetic acid). Results showed a significant increase in lysozyme activity, ACH50, and total immunoglobulin of skin mucus in fish fed with T2 diet (p < 0.05). Total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity were significantly lower in the serum of fish fed with control diet than those fed with the mentioned treatment (p < 0.05). The highest value was observed in fish fed with T2 diet. Minimum (p < 0.05) complement activity (1.52 ± 0. 25 U ml-1) was observed in fish fed with control diet. The mean of the final weights (17.35 ± 1.39 g), daily growth (1.0 ± 0.01 g), and specific growth rate (2.19 ± 0.14) was significantly higher in T3 diet group than the controls (p < 0.05). While the highest amylase-specific activity was observed in the controls (p < 0.05), there was a significant increase in specific activity of protease, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase in T2 diet group (p < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the inclusion of a limited quantity of ACV (4%) into the diet can improve immunity and growth parameters in C. auratus.

中文翻译:

苹果醋饲喂饮食可提高Car鱼非特异性免疫力,生长和消化酶活性。

进行这项研究以评估苹果醋(ACV)对Car鱼的血清和皮肤黏液非特异性免疫,生长指数以及消化酶(淀粉酶,脂肪酶和蛋白酶)活性的影响。为此,以完全随机的设计将180条鱼(重7.35±0.19 g)分配到4个治疗组,重复3次。使用补充了0%(对照),1%(T 1),2%(T 2)和4%(T 3)ACV(含5%乙酸)的基础饲料喂养鱼类105天。结果表明,喂食T2日粮的鱼的溶菌酶活性,ACH50和皮肤粘液总免疫球蛋白显着增加(p <0.05)。饲喂对照饮食的鱼的血清中的总免疫球蛋白和溶菌酶活性明显低于饲喂上述处理的鱼的血清(p <0.05)。在以T2日粮喂养的鱼中观察到最高值。在饲喂对照日粮的鱼中观察到最小(p <0.05)补体活性(1.52±0. 25 U ml-1)。在T3饮食组中,平均体重(17.35±1.39 g),日生长量(1.0±0.01 g)和比生长速率(2.19±0.14)的平均值显着高于对照组(p <0.05)。虽然在对照组中观察到最高的淀粉酶比活性(p <0.05),但在T2饮食组中,蛋白酶,脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶的比活性显着增加(p <0.05)。根据这项研究的结果,在饮食中加入有限量的ACV(4%)可以改善金黄色葡萄球菌的免疫力和生长参数。在饲喂对照饮食的鱼中观察到25 U ml-1)。在T3饮食组中,平均体重(17.35±1.39 g),日生长量(1.0±0.01 g)和比生长速率(2.19±0.14)的平均值显着高于对照组(p <0.05)。虽然在对照组中观察到最高的淀粉酶比活性(p <0.05),但在T2饮食组中,蛋白酶,脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶的比活性显着增加(p <0.05)。根据这项研究的结果,在饮食中加入有限量的ACV(4%)可以改善金黄色葡萄球菌的免疫力和生长参数。在饲喂对照饮食的鱼中观察到25 U ml-1)。在T3饮食组中,平均体重(17.35±1.39 g),日生长量(1.0±0.01 g)和比生长速率(2.19±0.14)的平均值显着高于对照组(p <0.05)。虽然在对照组中观察到最高的淀粉酶比活性(p <0.05),但在T2饮食组中,蛋白酶,脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶的比活性显着增加(p <0.05)。根据这项研究的结果,在饮食中加入有限量的ACV(4%)可以提高金黄色葡萄球菌的免疫力和生长参数。虽然在对照组中观察到最高的淀粉酶比活性(p <0.05),但在T2饮食组中,蛋白酶,脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶的比活性显着增加(p <0.05)。根据这项研究的结果,在饮食中加入有限量的ACV(4%)可以提高金黄色葡萄球菌的免疫力和生长参数。虽然在对照组中观察到最高的淀粉酶比活性(p <0.05),但在T2饮食组中,蛋白酶,脂肪酶和碱性磷酸酶的比活性显着增加(p <0.05)。根据这项研究的结果,在饮食中加入有限量的ACV(4%)可以提高金黄色葡萄球菌的免疫力和生长参数。
更新日期:2020-04-14
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