Host resistance to ticks can be explored as a possible approach of combating tick infestations to complement the existing unsustainable tick control methods. Thirty-six beef cattle animals were used, consisting of Angus, Brahman and Nguni breeds, with each breed contributing 12 animals. Half of the animals per breed were artificially challenged with Rhipicephalus microplus and the other half with R. decoloratus unfed larvae per animal. Skin biopsies and blood samples were collected pre-infestation and 12 h post-infestation from the feeding sites of visibly engorging ticks. The success rate of the ticks was high and had an influence even at the early time point. Increased lymphocytes and blood urea nitrogen levels as well as decreased levels of segmented neutrophils were observed in the Angus, which were the opposite of those in the Brahman and Nguni. The increase in cholesterol, which was highest in the Angus and lowest in the Nguni, may be due to altered protein metabolism. The expression profiles of genes TRAF6, TBP, LUM and B2M were significantly different among breeds. Five genes (CCR1, TLR5, TRAF6, TBP, BDA20) had increased or constant expression post-infestation, whereas the expression of CXCL8, IL-10 and TNF-α decreased or remained the same after tick challenge. Genes that showed variation are involved in discouraging long-term supply of blood meal to the tick and those associated with immune responses. The gene LUM is a potential biomarker for tick resistance in cattle. The response to infestation by the breeds was consistent across the tick species.

中文翻译：

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遗传性和免疫学比较的牛头R虫侵染后肉牛抗tick虫性。

可以探索宿主对resistance的抵抗力，作为对抗tick侵扰的一种可能方法，以补充现有的不可持续的tick控制方法。使用了36种肉牛，包括安格斯，婆罗门和恩古尼（Nguni）品种，每个品种贡献12只动物。每个品种中有一半的动物用微小的Rhipicephalus人工攻击，而另一半则用脱色红杆菌（R. decoloratus）进行人工攻击。每只动物未喂食幼虫。在感染前和感染后12小时，从明显饱食的tick的进食部位收集皮肤活检和血液样品。壁虱的成功率很高，甚至在早期都具有影响力。在安格斯观察到淋巴细胞和血尿素氮水平增加，而中性粒细胞的节段降低，这与婆罗门和牛古尼的相反。胆固醇升高（在安格斯最高，而在乌古尼最低）可能是由于蛋白质代谢改变所致。不同品种之间TRAF6，TBP，LUM和B2M基因的表达谱差异显着。五个基因（CCR1，TLR5，TRAF6，TBP，BDA20）在感染后增加或恒定表达，而壁虱攻击后CXCL8，IL-10和TNF-α的表达降低或保持不变。显示变异的基因与阻止长期供应the粉以及与免疫反应相关的基因有关。LUM基因是牛抗tick虱的潜在生物标记。整个壁虱物种对品种出没的反应都是一致的。