The present study aims to simulate a collision of two droplets containing immiscible liquids by employing a three- dimensional incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, with models implemented for the computation. The simulation of a head-on collision of two droplets, both of which contain the same glycerol solution, showed that the droplet behavior agrees very well with that observed in an experiment by Qian and Law (J Fluid Mech 331:59–80, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096003722 ). The simulation of a head-on collision of a silicone oil droplet and a glycerol solution droplet showed that the droplet behavior agrees fairly well with that observed in the experiment by Planchette et al. (J Fluid Mech 702:5–25, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.94 ). However, the oil only partially wraps the glycerol solution in the simulation, whereas in the experiment, the oil completely encapsulates the glycerol solution. The shape of the coalesced droplet at the early stage of the collision quantitatively agrees with that observed in the experiment. In the case of an offset collision of a droplet of silicone oil and a droplet of glycerol solution, the two droplets separate again, and small satellite droplets are formed after the collision; this behavior agrees well with that observed experimentally by Planchette et al. (2012). The feasibility of using simulations to estimate droplet liquid composition ratios is also presented. It is shown that the models implemented for the incompressible SPH simulation work reasonably well, and that this method can be a useful tool for studying the droplet collision phenomena.

中文翻译：

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使用不可压缩平滑粒子流体动力学方法模拟包含两种不同液体的两个液滴的碰撞

本研究旨在通过采用三维不可压缩平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 方法模拟包含不混溶液体的两个液滴的碰撞，并使用模型进行计算。两个液滴的正面碰撞模拟，这两个液滴都包含相同的甘油溶液，表明液滴的行为与 Qian 和 Law 的实验中观察到的非常吻合 (J Fluid Mech 331:59–80, 1997 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096003722 ）。硅油液滴和甘油溶液液滴正面碰撞的模拟表明，液滴行为与 Planchette 等人在实验中观察到的行为非常吻合。(J Fluid Mech 702:5–25, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.94)。然而，在模拟中，油仅部分包裹了甘油溶液，而在实验中，油完全包裹了甘油溶液。碰撞早期聚结液滴的形状在数量上与实验中观察到的一致。一滴硅油与一滴甘油溶液发生偏移碰撞时，两滴再次分离，碰撞后形成小卫星滴；这种行为与 Planchette 等人通过实验观察到的行为非常吻合。(2012)。还介绍了使用模拟来估计液滴液体组成比的可行性。结果表明，用于不可压缩 SPH 模拟的模型工作得相当好，并且该方法可以成为研究液滴碰撞现象的有用工具。