In the veterinary and anthropological literature, the pathology of nonhuman primates is heavily focused on soft-tissue involvement and there is scant reference to nonhuman primates in zoopalaeopathology, the study of ancient and historical diseases in animals. We present the curated skeletal remains of a nonhuman primate present with osteolytic lesions consistent with a pathological process. We evaluated the observed pathological changes via an extensive macroscopic analysis of the skeleton, coupled with radiographic images of the affected bones, and provide a differential diagnosis of the skeletal remains using relevant clinical and zoopalaeopathological data. Multiple osteolytic lesions of varying sizes, as well as periosteal new bone, were present on several elements. The lesions affected the skeleton bilaterally, asymmetrically and with no clear focus or pattern. The skeletal lesions were differentially diagnosed as the result of either a metastatic neoplastic disease or a chronic infection. This case provides a zoopalaeopathological example for the study of skeletal lesions in nonhuman primates in anthropological and archaeological collections, where contextual data may not be available.

中文翻译：

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一头猴（Chlorocebus tantalus）经处理的骨骼遗骸中溶骨性病变的鉴别诊断

在兽医和人类学文献中，非人类灵长类动物的病理学主要关注软组织受累，而在动物古病理学（动物古代和历史疾病的研究）中很少提及非人类灵长类动物。我们展示了具有符合病理过程的溶骨性病变的非人类灵长类动物的精选骨骼遗骸。我们通过对骨骼的广泛宏观分析评估观察到的病理变化，并结合受影响骨骼的放射线图像，并使用相关的临床和动物古病理学数据对骨骼残骸进行鉴别诊断。多个不同大小的溶骨性病变以及骨膜新骨出现在几个元件上。病变影响双侧骨骼，不对称，没有清晰的焦点或图案。骨骼病变被鉴别诊断为转移性肿瘤疾病或慢性感染的结果。该案例为人类学和考古学收藏中非人类灵长类动物骨骼病变的研究提供了一个动物古病理学示例，其中可能无法获得上下文数据。