Megalithic tombs have since long been a focus of debate within the archaeological research field, not least regarding their emergence, use life and the various bursts of building activity in different regions and periods. The aim of this study is to investigate the temporal span of the main burial sequences in the conventional megalithic grave types of southern Sweden, with special focus on the less studied gallery graves. In Scandinavia, megalithic tombs are divided into three main types: dolmens, passage graves and gallery graves. Here, this prevailing typological seriation was tested. The study was based on 374 14C dates from unique individuals selected from 66 tombs. The form, layout and dating of the different types of tombs were studied in order to examine regional and chronological variation in the use of megaliths. By comparing sum plots, KDE models, individual 14C dates and typology of artefacts, the existing chronologies were evaluated. The 14C dates from dolmens and passage graves more or less agreed with the conventional chronology, while the presence of early skeletons in gallery graves was unexpected. The results indicate that megalithic graves appeared more or less simultaneously in southern Sweden and were first used around 3500–3300 cal BC. The dolmens and passage graves were used contemporaneously, although the proportion of early dates supports a slightly earlier start of the dolmens. Some of the gallery graves may also have been introduced at this time, although reburial of old bones cannot be ruled out.

中文翻译：

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老骨头还是早坟？基于14C年代的瑞典南部巨石墓葬序列

长期以来，巨石墓一直是考古研究领域内争论的焦点，尤其是关于它们的出现，使用寿命以及不同地区和时期的各种建筑活动。这项研究的目的是调查瑞典南部传统的巨石墓葬类型中主要墓葬序列的时间跨度，特别侧重于研究较少的画廊墓葬。在斯堪的纳维亚半岛，巨石墓分为三种主要类型：都门，通道坟墓和长廊坟墓。在这里，测试了这种流行的类型学系列。这项研究基于374个14C日期，这些日期来自66个墓葬中的独特个体。研究了不同类型的坟墓的形式，布局和年代，以检查巨石使用中的区域和年代顺序变化。通过比较总图，评估了KDE模型，各个14C日期和人工制品的类型以及现有的时间顺序。14C的历史起源于都尔门和通道坟墓，或多或少与传统年代相吻合，而画廊坟墓中早期骨骼的出现是出乎意料的。结果表明，巨石墓在瑞典南部或多或少同时出现，并在公元前3500-3300年左右首次使用。尽管早年的比例支持了早些时候的石棺，但同时使用了石棺和墓穴。尽管不能排除旧骨头的回补，但此时可能还引入了一些画廊的坟墓。14C的历史起源于都尔门和通道坟墓，或多或少与传统年代相吻合，而画廊坟墓中早期骨骼的出现是出乎意料的。结果表明，巨石墓在瑞典南部或多或少同时出现，并在公元前3500-3300年左右首次使用。尽管早年的比例支持了早些时候的石棺，但同时使用了石棺和墓穴。尽管不能排除旧骨头的回补，但此时可能还引入了一些画廊的坟墓。14C的历史起源于都尔门和通道坟墓，或多或少与传统年代相吻合，而画廊坟墓中早期骨骼的出现是出乎意料的。结果表明，巨石墓在瑞典南部或多或少同时出现，并在公元前3500-3300年左右首次使用。尽管早年的比例支持了早些时候的石棺，但同时使用了石棺和墓穴。尽管不能排除旧骨头的回补，但此时可能还引入了一些画廊的坟墓。尽管早年的比例支持了早些时候的石棺，但同时使用了石棺和墓穴。尽管不能排除旧骨头的回补，但此时可能还引入了一些画廊的坟墓。尽管早年的比例支持了早些时候的石棺，但同时使用了石棺和墓穴。尽管不能排除旧骨头的回补，但此时可能还引入了一些画廊的坟墓。