This review presents an overview of the versatile shape memory polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites. Shape memory polyurethanes can recover their original shape from an intermediate shape when triggered by an external stimulus, such as heat, electrical voltage, light, pH change, or water absorption. Shape memory polymers have a successful history in commercial use. The applications for shape memory polymers are highly varied across numerous industries ranging from aircraft structure to biomedical implants. Three different groups of stimuli-responsive shape memory polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites, thermoresponsive, resistive heating actuated, and photon absorption actuated, will be discussed in this review. The applications of shape memory polyurethane/graphene nanocomposite as actuators are also discussed. This article will be pioneering in widespread impression on the state-of-the-art knowledge in shape memory polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites. It does not intend to be an extensive summary, but instead is a guide for scientists looking to apply these uniquely functional materials for advance high-performance applications. Future research may reveal shape memory applications for polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites in electronics, aerospace, and biomedical industries.

中文翻译：

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形状记忆聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料：结构、性能和应用

本综述概述了多功能形状记忆聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料。当受到外部刺激（例如热、电压、光、pH 变化或吸水）触发时，形状记忆聚氨酯可以从中间形状恢复其原始形状。形状记忆聚合物在商业应用中有着成功的历史。形状记忆聚合物的应用在从飞机结构到生物医学植入物的众多行业中都有很大差异。本综述将讨论三组不同的刺激响应形状记忆聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料，即热响应、电阻加热驱动和光子吸收驱动。还讨论了形状记忆聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料作为致动器的应用。本文将开创性地对形状记忆聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料的最新知识产生广泛印象。它并不打算作为一个广泛的总结，而是为希望将这些独特的功能材料应用于先进的高性能应用的科学家提供的指南。未来的研究可能会揭示聚氨酯/石墨烯纳米复合材料在电子、航空航天和生物医学行业的形状记忆应用。