MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered among the most reliable biomarkers to diagnose and predict Alzheimer’s disease (AD), due to their regulatory nature. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR4422 and miR3714, as the main regulators of GSAP and BACE1 expression, in AD patients compared with healthy subjects. Twenty patients with a mild to moderate AD (58–71 years old) and 15 healthy subjects (58–73 years old) participated in this study. The expression levels of miR4422 and miR3714 as the target genes and 5S rRNA and miRlet7a-5p as the reference genes were measured in the two groups. To compare the expression between the case and the control groups, the t test or the Wilcoxon test was used, based on the data distribution patterns. The efficiencies of amplification of the miR4422, miR3714, 5S rRNA, and miRlet7a-5p genes all were in the acceptable range. The mean miR4422-5S rRNA dCt value was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.018). The relative fold change of the expression was 0.43. The mean miR4422-miRlet7a-5p dCt value (p = 0.41), the mean miR3714-5S rRNA dCt value (p = 0.10), and the mean miR3714-miRlet7a-5p dCt value (p = 0.063) were not significantly different between the two groups. We indicated that miR4422 could be a reliable biomarker for Alzheimer’s diagnosis. It seems that the reduced expression of miR4422 that targets GSAP and BACE1 expression can lead to an increase in the formation of Aβ plaque.

中文翻译：

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β-淀粉样蛋白依赖的miRNA作为阿尔茨海默氏病中的循环生物标志物：初步报告。

MicroRNA（miRNA）由于具有调节性，因此被认为是诊断和预测阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的最可靠的生物标记之一。这项研究的主要目的是评估与健康受试者相比，AD患者miR4422和miR3714的表达，作为GSAP和BACE1表达的主要调节因子。二十名轻度至中度AD患者（58-71岁）和15名健康受试者（58-73岁）参加了这项研究。分别测量两组作为靶基因的miR4422和miR3714的表达水平以及作为参考基因的5S rRNA和miRlet7a-5p的表达水平。为了比较病例组和对照组之间的表达，t基于数据分布模式，使用了检验或Wilcoxon检验。miR4422，miR3714、5S rRNA和miRlet7a-5p基因的扩增效率均在可接受范围内。两组之间的平均miR4422-5S rRNA dCt值显着不同（p  = 0.018）。表达的相对倍数变化为0.43。miR4422-miRlet7a-5p dCt平均值（p  = 0.41），miR3714-5S rRNA dCt平均值（p  = 0.10）和miR3714-miRlet7a-5p dCt平均值（p = 0.063）在两组之间没有显着差异。我们表明，miR4422可能是阿尔茨海默氏病诊断的可靠生物标志物。看来靶向GSAP和BACE1表达的miR4422表达降低可能导致Aβ斑块形成增加。