Abstract Geopolymer is a cementitious material that can replace ordinary Portland cement in several geotechnical engineering applications, such as soil stabilization, with the advantages of much lower harmful emissions and energy consumption. This paper presents a rigorous evaluation of the geo-mechanical behavior of different types of clay soils treated with geopolymer, including the influence of soil characteristics and mineralogy. Two natural clay soils in addition to a commercially available kaolin clay were used for this investigation. Laboratory experiments were performed including unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures. The UCS and triaxial tests indicated that the addition of geopolymer considerably increased the yield stress and initial stiffness of all examined clays. With the increase of geopolymer content, the stress–strain behavior of treated clays was found to develop progressively from ductile response into a post-peak brittle fashion. The CU tests also demonstrated that the addition of geopolymer changed the initial characteristics of remolded clays from quasi-over-consolidated to heavily over-consolidated, rendering high yield surface and more effective shear strength parameters (i.e., cohesion and friction angle). Moreover, although the overall qualitative stress–strain and stress path responses of the clays were similar, significant quantitative differences were observed, particularly in terms of the attainable yield strength, stiffness, and shear strength. These differences can be attributed mainly to the heterogeneity associated with the soil mineralogy and the corresponding differences in the interaction between the clay/non-clay minerals and geopolymer.

中文翻译：

---

掺粉煤灰地质聚合物颗粒矿渣常温稳定黏土的地质力学行为

摘要 地质聚合物是一种胶结材料，可以在土壤稳定等多种岩土工程应用中替代普通硅酸盐水泥，具有降低有害排放和能耗的优势。本文对用地质聚合物处理的不同类型粘土的地质力学行为进行了严格的评估，包括土壤特性和矿物学的影响。除了市售的高岭土外，还使用了两种天然粘土进行本次调查。进行了实验室实验，包括在不同围压下的无侧限抗压强度 (UCS) 和固结不排水 (CU) 三轴压缩试验。UCS 和三轴试验表明，地质聚合物的加入大大增加了所有测试粘土的屈服应力和初始刚度。随着地质聚合物含量的增加，发现处理过的粘土的应力应变行为逐渐从韧性响应发展为峰值后脆性方式。CU 测试还表明，地质聚合物的添加改变了重塑粘土的初始特性，从准过度固结到严重过度固结，呈现高屈服面和更有效的剪切强度参数（即内聚力和摩擦角）。此外，虽然粘土的整体定性应力应变和应力路径响应相似，但观察到显着的定量差异，特别是在可达到的屈服强度、刚度、和剪切强度。这些差异主要归因于与土壤矿物学相关的异质性以及粘土/非粘土矿物与地质聚合物之间相互作用的相应差异。