Abstract The initial infiltration of ground water into tunnels excavated in soft clayey soils triggers the consolidation of the surrounding soil and imposes an extra load on the linings. This extra load may open the joints between rings and segments or intensify the deterioration of the joints. Relative soil-lining permeability, an important factor in the long-term behavior of tunnels, mainly depends on the condition and amount of joint opening between rings and segments. This study proposes a method for determining lining permeability based on the joint opening between rings only. The lining permeability value can be implemented and updated in coupled soil-water analyses during the entire consolidation process. In the final stages of consolidation, the values of the pore water pressure and water leakage reach a steady-state condition and the effect of seasonal temperature changes inside the tunnel becomes important. Furthermore, determination of the lining permeability under the influence of the temperature inside the tunnel is attempted. Long-term measured field data of an aged tunnel along with a coupled soil-water model are employed to verify and explain the long-term behavior of segmented tunnels using the proposed method. In addition, the applicability and limitations of the proposed method are presented and discussed.

中文翻译：

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衬砌渗透率和温度对分段隧道长期性能的影响

摘要 地下水最初渗入在软粘土中开挖的隧道，引发了周围土壤的固结，并对衬砌施加了额外的载荷。这种额外的负载可能会打开环和节段之间的接头或加剧接头的劣化。相对土壤衬砌渗透率是影响隧道长期性能的一个重要因素，主要取决于环和管片之间的接缝开口的条件和数量。本研究提出了一种仅基于环间接头开口确定衬砌渗透率的方法。在整个固结过程中，可以在土壤-水耦合分析中实施和更新衬砌渗透率值。在整合的最后阶段，孔隙水压力和漏水值达到稳态，隧道内季节性温度变化的影响变得重要。此外，还尝试在隧道内温度的影响下确定衬砌渗透率。使用所提出的方法，利用老化隧道的长期现场实测数据以及土壤-水耦合模型来验证和解释分段隧道的长期行为。此外，还介绍并讨论了所提出方法的适用性和局限性。使用所提出的方法，采用老化隧道的长期现场实测数据以及土壤-水耦合模型来验证和解释分段隧道的长期行为。此外，还介绍并讨论了所提出方法的适用性和局限性。使用所提出的方法，采用老化隧道的长期现场实测数据以及土壤-水耦合模型来验证和解释分段隧道的长期性能。此外，还介绍并讨论了所提出方法的适用性和局限性。