This study aims to explore the biodiversity and influencing factors of macroinvertebrates in coastal wetlands at regional scale as well as the experimental sampling and analytical methods. Information from published scientific articles was compiled to analyze the habitat types, environmental variables, dominant species, sampler, mesh types, fixative solutions and analytical methods of macroinvertebrates in 104 coastal wetlands. Seven hotspots area have been identified in coastal wetlands. The low repetition rate of dominant species in the most studied area (estuary, intertidal zone and mangrove) indicated that environmental factors played decisive role in biodiversity. The species richness has significant correlation with temperature, pH, DO and BOD. Both biological indices and analysis methods have been employed successfully to analyze the relationship between the biodiversity of coastal benthic macroinvertebrate and environmental factors quantitatively and qualitatively. The selection of sampler (tube sampler, quadrat sampler and grab sampler) indicates the difference in the environment conditions at the study site, which is also affected by cost and efficiency. The mesh sieves (0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and others), which affected the workload of soil screening and the abundance of macroinvertebrates, suggested that researchers had different understandings of macroinvertebrate. While the selection of fixative solution such as alcohol and formalin should be also considered to meet the experimental demands because of their shortcomings (decolorization and acidity). In conclusion, each step from field to desk work affects the accuracy of benthos research. This study provides coastal ecologist with more clear experimental details.

本研究旨在探讨区域尺度上沿海湿地大型无脊椎动物的生物多样性及其影响因素，以及实验采样和分析方法。汇编了已发表的科学文章中的信息，以分析104个沿海湿地中的栖息地类型，环境变量，优势物种，采样器，网格类型，固定溶液和大型无脊椎动物的分析方法。在沿海湿地中已经确定了七个热点地区。在研究最多的地区（河口，潮间带和红树林）优势种的低重复率表明环境因素在生物多样性中起着决定性作用。物种丰富度与温度，pH，DO和BOD密切相关。生物学指标和分析方法均已成功地用于定量和定性分析沿海底栖大型无脊椎动物的生物多样性与环境因素之间的关系。采样器（试管采样器，四方采样器和抓斗采样器）的选择表明了研究地点环境条件的差异，这也受到成本和效率的影响。网眼筛（0.5 mm，1.0 mm等）影响土壤筛选的工作量和大型无脊椎动物的数量，这表明研究人员对大型无脊椎动物的认识不同。尽管还应考虑选择固定剂溶液（例如酒精和福尔马林）以满足实验要求，因为它们具有缺点（脱色和酸性）。结论，从现场到案头工作的每个步骤都会影响底栖动物研究的准确性。这项研究为沿海生态学家提供了更清晰的实验细节。