We herein report a patient who was diagnosed as having olfactory groove schwannoma (OGS) which was negative for CD57 (Leu7) but positive for Schwann/2E and Sox10. A 13‐year‐old female with a chief complaint of headache was referred to our department due to a tumor lesion in the anterior skull base identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At the first visit, she did not exhibit altered consciousness, motor palsy, anosmia, seizures, or café au lait spots. On contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT), a heterogeneously enhanced tumor, 50 × 45 × 50 mm in size, was observed at the anterior skull base. The left cribriform plate was thinner on bone window CT. The tumor exhibited strong, heterogeneous gadolinium enhancement on MRI as well. Slight tumor staining was observed by angiography of the left internal carotid artery but not the left external carotid artery. The patient was preoperatively diagnosed as having meningioma and underwent gross tumor resection via the basal interhemispheric approach. The tumor was strongly positive for S‐100 protein and negative for epithelial membrane antigen and CD57 by immunostaining. The tumor was positive for both Schwann/2E and Sox10, which aided in the differential diagnosis between OGSs and olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) tumors, and the definitive diagnosis was OGS. The assessment of immunoreactivities for Schwann/2E and Sox10 might be necessary to differentiate CD57‐negative Schwannomas from OEC tumors.

中文翻译：

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Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 在区分 CD57 阴性嗅沟神经鞘瘤和嗅鞘细胞瘤中的应用：病例报告和文献复习

我们在此报告一名被诊断患有嗅沟神经鞘瘤 (OGS) 的患者，其 CD57 (Leu7) 呈阴性，但 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 呈阳性。一名 13 岁女性主诉头痛，因磁共振成像 (MRI) 发现前颅底肿瘤病变而被转诊至我科。在第一次就诊时，她没有表现出意识改变、运动麻痹、嗅觉丧失、癫痫发作或牛奶咖啡斑。在对比增强计算机断层扫描 (CT) 上，在前颅底观察到一个大小为 50 × 45 × 50 mm 的不均匀增强肿瘤。左侧筛板在骨窗 CT 上较薄。肿瘤在 MRI 上也表现出强烈的、不均匀的钆增强。通过左颈内动脉的血管造影观察到轻微的肿瘤染色，但左颈外动脉没有。该患者术前被诊断为脑膜瘤，并通过基底半球间入路进行了大体肿瘤切除术。通过免疫染色，肿瘤对 S-100 蛋白呈强阳性，对上皮膜抗原和 CD57 呈阴性。肿瘤对 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 均呈阳性，这有助于 OGS 与嗅鞘细胞 (OEC) 肿瘤的鉴别诊断，最终诊断为 OGS。评估 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 的免疫反应性可能是区分 CD57 阴性神经鞘瘤与 OEC 肿瘤所必需的。该患者术前被诊断为脑膜瘤，并通过基底半球间入路进行了大体肿瘤切除术。通过免疫染色，肿瘤对 S-100 蛋白呈强阳性，对上皮膜抗原和 CD57 呈阴性。肿瘤对 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 均呈阳性，这有助于 OGS 与嗅鞘细胞 (OEC) 肿瘤的鉴别诊断，最终诊断为 OGS。评估 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 的免疫反应性可能是区分 CD57 阴性神经鞘瘤与 OEC 肿瘤所必需的。该患者术前被诊断为脑膜瘤，并通过基底半球间入路进行了大体肿瘤切除术。通过免疫染色，肿瘤对 S-100 蛋白呈强阳性，对上皮膜抗原和 CD57 呈阴性。肿瘤对 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 均呈阳性，这有助于 OGS 与嗅鞘细胞 (OEC) 肿瘤的鉴别诊断，最终诊断为 OGS。评估 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 的免疫反应性可能是区分 CD57 阴性神经鞘瘤与 OEC 肿瘤所必需的。有助于OGS与嗅鞘细胞（OEC）肿瘤的鉴别诊断，最终诊断为OGS。评估 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 的免疫反应性可能是区分 CD57 阴性神经鞘瘤与 OEC 肿瘤所必需的。有助于OGS与嗅鞘细胞（OEC）肿瘤的鉴别诊断，最终诊断为OGS。评估 Schwann/2E 和 Sox10 的免疫反应性可能是区分 CD57 阴性神经鞘瘤与 OEC 肿瘤所必需的。