Abstract Behavioral spillover is the phenomenon when a behavior change is accompanied by subsequent changes in other behaviors related to the same goal (e.g., environmental protection). We propose to understand behavioral spillover as the result of attitude change. According to the Campbell Paradigm (see Kaiser, Byrka, & Hartig, 2010), pro-environmental behaviors are an expression of a person's environmental attitude. The higher the person's level of environmental attitude, the more behavioral costs the person will endure to perform pro-environmental behaviors. Thus, if the person's attitude changes, what is commonly called behavioral spillover will occur: For all pro-environmental behaviors, the person's likelihood of engaging in any one of them will increase. We illustrate this argument by presenting a secondary analysis of data showing that an attitude change results in the frequencies of various pro-environmental behaviors increasing by 3.5% on average. Our proposed model of spillover enforces the idea that those who wish to promote sustainable pro-environmental behavior must inspire changes in people's environmental attitudes instead of attempting to change specific behaviors.

中文翻译：

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正溢出：态度转变的结果

摘要 行为溢出是一种行为变化伴随着与同一目标（例如环境保护）相关的其他行为的后续变化的现象。我们建议将行为溢出理解为态度改变的结果。根据坎贝尔范式（参见 Kaiser、Byrka 和 Hartig，2010 年），亲环境行为是一个人对环境态度的表达。一个人的环境态度水平越高，该人为执行亲环境行为而承受的行为成本就越大。因此，如果一个人的态度发生变化，就会发生通常所说的行为溢出：对于所有的亲环境行为，该人从事其中任何一种行为的可能性都会增加。我们通过对数据进行二次分析来说明这一论点，表明态度改变会导致各种亲环境行为的频率平均增加 3.5%。我们提出的溢出模型强化了这样一种想法，即那些希望促进可持续的亲环境行为的人必须激发人们对环境态度的改变，而不是试图改变特定的行为。