Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key events in signal transduction since they affect protein function by regulating their abundance and/or activity. PTMs involve the covalent attachment of functional groups to specific amino acids. Since they tend to be generally reversible, PTMs serve as regulators of signal transduction pathways. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are major signaling proteins that undergo multiple types of PTMs. In this Review, we focus on the opioid receptors, members of GPCR family A, and highlight recent advances in the field that have underscored the importance of PTMs in the functional regulation of these receptors. Since opioid receptor activity plays a central role in the development of tolerance and addiction to morphine and other drugs of abuse, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating receptor activity is of fundamental importance.

中文翻译：

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阿片受体的翻译后修饰


翻译后修饰 (PTM) 是信号转导中的关键事件，因为它们通过调节蛋白质的丰度和/或活性来影响蛋白质功能。 PTM 涉及官能团与特定氨基酸的共价连接。由于 PTM 通常是可逆的，因此它们可以作为信号转导途径的调节剂。 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR) 是经历多种类型 PTM 的主要信号蛋白。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注阿片受体（GPCR A 家族的成员），并重点介绍该领域的最新进展，这些进展强调了 PTM 在这些受体功能调节中的重要性。由于阿片受体活性在吗啡和其他滥用药物的耐受性和成瘾性的发展中起着核心作用，因此了解调节受体活性的分子机制至关重要。