Recent work proposes that a regimen of repeated mild cold exposure may have protective effects against the development of type II diabetes mellitus (T2D) by activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism. BAT may protect against by increasing whole-body energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. An evolutionary perspective, however, highlights several limitations of this hypothesis. Some individuals adapt to acute cold stress by constricting their blood vessels, which leads to high blood pressure. Thus, a regimen of repeated mild cooling may have beneficial health effects for some individuals and negative consequences for others. Future research should examine the relationships between low temperature exposure, BAT metabolism, blood pressure, and type II diabetes risk.

中文翻译：

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褐色脂肪组织和2型糖尿病。

最近的工作提出反复轻度冷暴露的方案可能会通过激活棕色脂肪组织（BAT）代谢而对II型糖尿病（T2D）的发展产生保护作用。BAT可以通过增加全身能量消耗和胰岛素敏感性来预防。然而，从进化的角度来看，这一假设受到了一些局限。一些人通过收缩血管来适应急性冷应激，这会导致高血压。因此，反复轻度降温的方案可能对某些人具有有益的健康影响，而对另一些人则具有负面影响。未来的研究应检查低温暴露，BAT代谢，血压和II型糖尿病风险之间的关系。