The Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration mission of opportunity designed to study how the Earth's ionosphere‐thermosphere system responds to geomagnetic storms, solar radiation, and upward propagating atmospheric tides and waves. GOLD employs two identical ultraviolet spectrographs that make observations of the Earth's thermosphere and ionosphere from a commercial communications satellite owned and operated by Société Européenne des Satellites (SES) and located in geostationary orbit at 47.5° west longitude (near the mouth of the Amazon River). They make images of atomic oxygen 135.6 nm and N₂ Lyman‐Birge‐Hopfield radiances from the entire disk that is observable from geostationary orbit and on the near‐equatorial limb. They also observe occultations of stars to measure molecular oxygen column densities on the limb. Here we describe the algorithms and science data processing that convert downlinked data to spectral‐spatial image cubes and occultation spectra, calibrated in geophysical units. These Level 1 data products include disk and near‐equatorial limb images of spectra acquired on a 30‐min cadence beginning at 06:10 Coordinated Universal Time and ending at 23:10. Nighttime images of the disk, covering regions east of the terminator, begin at 20:10 Coordinated Universal Time and also continue until 00:40 the next day. During the day, some limb images are replaced by time series of stellar spectra that exhibit absorption by molecular oxygen as the star is occulted by the Earth's atmosphere. Instrumental artifacts that occasionally appear in the released data are discussed.

中文翻译：

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肢体和磁盘任务实施的全球规模观察：2.观察，数据管道和1级数据产品

全球肢体和盘片观测（GOLD）是美国国家航空航天局的一项使命任务，旨在研究地球的电离层-热层系统如何响应地磁风暴，太阳辐射以及向上传播的大气潮汐和波浪。GOLD使用两个相同的紫外光谱仪，从欧洲兴业银行（SES）拥有和运营的，位于地球静止轨道西经47.5°（位于亚马逊河河口附近）的商业通信卫星观测地球的热层和电离层。 。他们制作了135.6 nm和N ₂原子氧的图像从对地静止轨道和近赤道肢可观察到的整个盘的莱曼-伯奇-霍普菲尔德辐射。他们还观察恒星的掩星，以测量肢体上的分子氧柱密度。在这里，我们描述了将下行链路数据转换为以空间物理单位校准的光谱空间图像立方体和掩星的算法和科学数据处理。这些1级数据产品包括以协调世界时06:10开始到23:10结束的30分钟节奏获取的磁盘和近赤道肢图像。磁盘的夜间图像覆盖了终结者以东的区域，从协调世界时20:10开始，一直持续到第二天00:40。白天，当恒星被地球大气掩盖时，一些肢体图像被星状光谱的时间序列所取代，这些星状光谱表现出了分子氧的吸收。讨论了偶尔出现在已发布数据中的器物。