Transportation agencies have started including phased deployment of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies in their transportation plans and programs. While theoretical analyses have indicated significant benefits of CAVs for improving system performance, deploying these technologies at existing or adapted highway facilities concerns more than technological issues. This study introduces the concepts and operational strategies of using managed lanes, High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes in particular, for mixed-autonomy traffic management. The study enhances existing and develops new algorithms for three selected freeway CAV applications as a CAV technology integration, including speed harmonization, cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC), and cooperative merge. Instead of evaluation on a synthetic segment, this study reports a large-scale simulation-based real-world case study to investigate CAV early deployment opportunities on Interstate 66 outside the Beltway. The simulation results show that, for all scenarios, individual and bundled CAV applications can significantly improve traffic performance in terms of delay and throughput. CACC platooning is the most effective individual strategy to improve traffic performance. The bundled CAV applications can benefit the system, even with low CAV market penetration, and fully handle more than 130 percent of the existing demand with high CAV market penetration rates. Additionally, left-side dedicated ramps and shared managed lane operational strategies are also beneficial, even during early deployment stages.

中文翻译：

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利用现有的高占用车道进行混合自动驾驶交通管理和新兴的联网自动驾驶汽车应用

运输机构已开始在其运输计划和项目中分阶段部署联网和自动驾驶汽车 (CAV) 技术。虽然理论分析表明 CAV 在提高系统性能方面具有显着优势，但在现有或改造后的公路设施中部署这些技术所涉及的不仅仅是技术问题。本研究介绍了使用管理车道，特别是高占用车辆 (HOV) 车道进行混合自主交通管理的概念和操作策略。该研究为三种选定的高速公路 CAV 应用增强了现有算法并开发了新算法，作为 CAV 技术集成，包括速度协调、协作自适应巡航控制 (CACC) 和协作合并。而不是对合成段进行评估，本研究报告了一项基于大规模模拟的真实案例研究，以调查环城公路外 66 号州际公路上 CAV 早期部署的机会。仿真结果表明，对于所有场景，单独和捆绑的 CAV 应用程序可以显着提高延迟和吞吐量方面的交通性能。CACC 排队是提高交通性能的最有效的个人策略。即使在 CAV 市场渗透率较低的情况下，捆绑的 CAV 应用程序也可以使系统受益，并完全处理超过 130% 的现有需求，并具有较高的 CAV 市场渗透率。此外，即使在早期部署阶段，左侧专用坡道和共享管理车道运营策略也是有益的。