BACKGROUND Ictal neck pain is a frequent symptom reported by half of migraine patients. It is unknown if neck pain is caused by peripheral or central mechanisms. Neck muscle stiffness can be investigated with ultrasound shear wave elastography. OBJECTIVES To determine if migraine patients with ictal neck pain have stiffer neck muscles interictally compared with patients without ictal neck pain and controls. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study investigating neck muscle stiffness, pressure pain thresholds and neck pain symptoms in 100 migraine patients recruited from a tertiary headache center and 46 controls. RESULTS Patients with ictal neck pain had increased mean neck muscle stiffness interictally compared to both migraine patients without ictal neck pain (p = 0.018) and controls (p = 0.036). Muscle stiffness was negatively correlated with pressure pain thresholds in the neck in migraine patients with ictal neck pain (r = -0.292, p = 0.042). There were no differences in mean pressure pain thresholds between migraine subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Migraine patients with ictal neck pain have stiffer neck muscles interictally compared with migraine patients without ictal neck pain and controls measured with ultrasound shear wave elastography. The increased stiffness could be due to local alterations in the neck muscles. Trial registration: clinical-trials.gov, identifier: NCT03626805.

中文翻译：

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伴有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者颈部肌肉僵硬增加：剪切波弹性成像研究。

背景发作性颈部疼痛是半数偏头痛患者报告的常见症状。目前尚不清楚颈部疼痛是由外周还是中枢机制引起。颈部肌肉僵硬可以用超声剪切波弹性成像来研究。目的 确定与没有发作性颈部疼痛的患者和对照组相比，发作性颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者在发作间期是否具有更僵硬的颈部肌肉。方法 这是一项横断面研究，调查了从三级头痛中心招募的 100 名偏头痛患者和 46 名对照组的颈部肌肉僵硬、压力痛阈值和颈部疼痛症状。结果 与无发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者 (p = 0.018) 和对照组 (p = 0.036) 相比，发作期颈部疼痛患者的平均颈部肌肉僵硬在发作间期增加。在发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者中，肌肉僵硬与颈部压力疼痛阈值呈负相关（r = -0.292，p = 0.042）。偏头痛亚组之间的平均压力疼痛阈值没有差异。结论 与没有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者和用超声剪切波弹性成像测量的对照组相比，有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者在间歇期的颈部肌肉更加僵硬。增加的僵硬可能是由于颈部肌肉的局部改变。试验注册：clinical-trials.gov，标识符：NCT03626805。结论 与没有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者和用超声剪切波弹性成像测量的对照组相比，有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者在间歇期的颈部肌肉更加僵硬。增加的僵硬可能是由于颈部肌肉的局部改变。试验注册：clinical-trials.gov，标识符：NCT03626805。结论 与没有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者和用超声剪切波弹性成像测量的对照组相比，有发作期颈部疼痛的偏头痛患者在间歇期的颈部肌肉更加僵硬。增加的僵硬可能是由于颈部肌肉的局部改变。试验注册：clinical-trials.gov，标识符：NCT03626805。