As one of the major irradiation defects, helium bubbles have a marked influence on the microstructures and mechanical properties of metals. In recent decades, many experiments and simulations have focused on helium bubbles to reveal their nucleation and growth mechanisms, dynamic evolution under stimulations, and their effects on mechanical properties. With the quick development of various in situ techniques, the abundant dynamic features of helium bubbles have been revealed. In this review, we briefly explore the related researches on the dynamic evolution of helium bubbles under simulated service conditions, such as at high temperatures, under irradiation, and upon mechanical loading. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in revealing the dynamics of helium bubbles using in situ technologies. This short review intends to advance our understanding of the failure mechanisms of helium-irradiated metals and the basic properties of irradiation-induced helium bubbles.

中文翻译：

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使用原位技术揭示氦气泡的动力学

作为主要的辐照缺陷之一，氦气泡对金属的显微组织和力学性能有显着影响。近几十年来，许多实验和模拟都集中在氦气泡上，以揭示其成核和生长机制、刺激下的动态演化及其对机械性能的影响。随着各种原位技术的快速发展，氦气泡的丰富动态特征已经被揭示。在这篇综述中，我们简要探讨了在模拟服务条件下，如高温、辐照和机械载荷下氦气泡动态演化的相关研究。我们还讨论了使用原位技术揭示氦气泡动力学的挑战和机遇。